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Solar Heating of the Soil: Effect on Weed Control and on Soil-Incorporated Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Baruch Rubin  and
Abraham Benjamin
Baruch Rubin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Abraham Benjamin
Affiliation:
Dep. Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agric., The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Abstract

Solar heating (SH) of the soil by mulching it with transparent polyethylene (PE) during the hot season elevated the soil temperature by 10 to 18 C above that of the non-mulched soil. SH for 4 to 5 weeks resulted in effective control of most summer and winter annual weeds, the effect lasting for more than 5 months after PE removal. Melilotus sulcatus Desf., Astragalus boeticus L. and bull mallow (Malva nicaeensis All. # MALNI) were not controlled by SH. Perennial weeds which propagate from vegetative parts were only partially controlled with short SH, but mulching for 8 to 10 weeks improved control. Mulching the soil with perforated or shaded transparent PE or black PE resulted in a smaller increase of soil temperature and thus less efficient weed control. A combination of SH with soil-incorporated EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) or vernolate (S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate) did not improve the weed control over SH alone, but significantly enhanced the disappearance of the herbicides from the soil. SH inhibited the disappearance of fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4(1H)-pyridinone} but did not change the residual phytotoxicity of bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil). SH treatment improved plant growth and increased the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘895′) and turnip (Brassica rapa L. ‘Purple top’), but not of parsley (Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.).

Keywords

EPTCvernolatefluridonebromacilherbicide persistenceMALNI
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 31 , Issue 6 , November 1983 , pp. 819 - 825
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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