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Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Nalta Jute (Corchorus olitorius) and Redweed (Melochia concatenata): Important Broadleaf Weeds of the Tropics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bhagirath S. Chauhan  and
David E. Johnson
Bhagirath S. Chauhan*
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
David E. Johnson
Affiliation:
Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Nalta jute and redweed are widespread and significant broadleaf weed species of the tropics. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of these species. Light was not required for germination in either species. Germination was stimulated by seed scarification, suggesting that inhibition of germination in these species is mainly due to the hard seed coat. Scarified seeds of both species germinated over a wide range of alternating temperatures (25/15, 30/20, and 35/25 C). Both species were moderately tolerant of salt and osmotic stress, but nalta jute tolerated more stresses than redweed. Seedling emergence of nalta jute and redweed was greater than 87 and 93%, respectively, at soil depths of 0 to 2 cm but decreased as depth increased, with no emergence at 8 cm. Seedling emergence of both species was reduced by the addition of rice straw, though a high amount (4 to 6 t ha−1) of straw was required to suppress emergence significantly. The information gained from this study could facilitate the development of effective weed control programs.

Keywords

Nalta jute, Corchorus olitorius L.redweed, Melochia concatenata L.rice, Oryza sativa L.Burial depthemergencegerminationscarification
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 56 , Issue 6 , December 2008 , pp. 814 - 819
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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