Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-2jptb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-24T19:22:39.021Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seasonality of clonal propagation in giant reed

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Joseph G. Decruyenaere  and
Jodie S. Holt
Joseph G. Decruyenaere
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92507
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Vegetative propagules of an invasive riparian weed, giant reed, were collected monthly from two Southern California sites and planted in a greenhouse from August 1998 to July 1999. Rooting and emergence frequency of planted pieces and time to emergence, growth rate, and number of developing shoots were recorded; soluble carbohydrates were analyzed. Response variables were regressed against climatic, seasonal, and site effects using a stepwise model. Rhizomes established much more frequently than stems in all months. Time of year of collection was found to be the most important factor determining establishment of all propagule types. The interaction of maximum daily temperature and precipitation at the field sites had a lesser, but significant effect on rooting frequency. The lack of a consistent correlation between any of the response variables and climate or site may indicate broad environmental tolerance. Seasonal patterns in emergence, growth, and soluble carbohydrates suggest that control by shoot removal would be most effective in fall when rhizome carbohydrate reserves are the lowest, resulting in the greatest reduction in regrowth. Chemical control with phloem-mobile herbicides would be most effective in late summer or early fall, when carbohydrates are moving from leaves to belowground structures but prior to natural leaf senescence.

Keywords

Giant reed, Arundo donax L. ABKDOEstablishmentinvasionpropaguleriparian habitatrhizomevegetative growth
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 49 , Issue 6 , December 2001 , pp. 760 - 767
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bell, G. P. 1997. Ecology and management of Arundo donax, and approaches to riparian habitat restoration in Southern California. Pages 103–113 In Brock, J. H., Wade, M., Pyšek, P., and Green, D., eds. Plant Invasions: Studies from North America and Europe. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys.Google Scholar
Benner, B. L. and Watson, M. A. 1989. Developmental ecology of mayapple: seasonal patterns of resource distribution in sexual and vegetative rhizome systems. Funct. Ecol. 3:539–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boose, A. B. and Holt, J. S. 1999. Environmental effects on asexual reproduction in Arundo donax . Weed Res. 39:117–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decruyenaere, J. D. and Holt, J. S. 1999. Carbohydrate use in giant reed (Arundo donax) under conditions of shoot suppression. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 39:35–36.Google Scholar
de Fatima, F. M. and Valio, I.F.M. 1992. Effects of light and carbohydrate content on rooting of rhizome cuttings of Paspalum vaginatum Swartz.(Gramineae). J. Plant Physiol. 139:727–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudley, T. L. 2000. Arundo donax L. Pages 53–58 In Bossard, C. C., Randall, J. M., and Hoshovsky, M. C., eds. Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Else, J. A. 1996. Post-Flood Establishment of Native Woody Species and an Exotic, Arundo donax, in a Southern California Riparian System. . San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. pp. 20–39, 50–57.Google Scholar
Frandsen, P. R. 1996. Team Arundo: Interagency cooperation to control giant cane (Arundo donax). Pages 244–305 In Luken, J. O. and Thieret, J. W., eds. Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Hamman, R. A. Jr., Dami, I. E., Walsh, T. M., and Stushnoff, C. 1996. Seasonal carbohydrate changes and cold hardiness of Chardonnay and Riesling grapevines. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 47:31–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogg, E. H. and Lieffers, V. J. 1991. Seasonal changes in shoot regrowth potential in Calamagrostis canadensis . Oecologia 85:596–602.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, W. Z., Hsiao, A. I., and Jordan, L. 1987. Effects of temperature, light and certain growth regulating substances on sprouting, rooting and growth of single-node rhizome and shoot segments of Paspalum distichum L. Weed Res. 27:57–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, S. C. and Israel, D. W. 1982. Biochemical basis for partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon between starch and sucrose in soybean (Glycine max Merr.) leaves. Plant Physiol. 69:691–696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katovich, E.J.S., Becker, R. L., Sheaffer, C. C., and Halgerson, J. L. 1998. Seasonal fluctuations of carbohydrate levels in roots and crowns of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria). Weed Sci. 46:540–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, R., Werger, M.J.A., During, H. J., and Zhong, Z. C. 1998. Carbon and nutrient dynamics in relation to growth rhythm in the giant bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens . Plant Soil 201:113–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacIsaac, S. A. and Bewley, J. D. 1995. Seasonal changes in the starch content, and associated anabolic and catabolic enzymes, in the roots of the perennial weed, Euphorbia esula . Plant Physiol. Biochem. 33:163–171.Google Scholar
Nobel, P. S. and Castaneda, M. 1998. Seasonal, light, and temperature influences on organ initiation for unrooted cladodes of the prickly pear cactus Opuntia ficus-indica . J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 123:47–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perdue, R. E. Jr. 1958. Arundo donax—source of musical reeds and industrial cellulose. Econ. Bot. 12:368–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radosevich, S. R., Holt, J. S., and Ghersa, C. M. 1997. Weed Ecology: Implications for Management. 2nd ed. New York: J. Wiley. pp. 354–357.Google Scholar
Robbins, N. S. and Pharr, D. M. 1987. Regulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in cucumber by light intensity and photosynthetic period. Plant Physiol. 85:592–597.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roe, J. H. 1934. A colorimetric method for the determination of fructose in blood and urine. J. Biol. Chem. 107:15–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, M. A. and Lembi, C. A. 1999. Applied Weed Science. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. pp. 158–159, 221–228.Google Scholar
Rossa, B., Tüffers, A. V., Naidoo, G., and von Willert, D. J. 1998. Arundo donax L. (Poaceae)—a C3 species with unusually high photosynthetic capacity. Bot. Acta 111:216–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnitzler, A. 1997. River dynamics as a forest process: interaction between fluvial systems and alluvial forests in large European river plains. Bot. Rev. 63:41–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoenherr, A. A. 1992. A Natural History of California. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 153–166, 276–277, 393–395, 533–538.Google Scholar
Seiger, L. A. and Merchant, H. C. 1997. Mechanical control of Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica [Houtt.] Ronse Decraene): Effects of cutting regime on rhizomatous reserves. Nat. Areas J. 17:341–345.Google Scholar
Sharma, K. P., Kushwaha, S.P.S., and Gopal, B. 1998. A comparative study of stand structure and standing crops of two wetland species, Arundo donax and Phragmites karka, and primary production in Arundo donax with observations on the effect of clipping. Trop. Ecol. 39:3–14.Google Scholar
Singh, C., Kumar, V., and Pacholi, R. K. 1997. Growth performance of Arundo donax (reed grass) under difficult site conditions of Doon Valley for erosion control. Indian For. January 1997:73–76.Google Scholar
[SPSS] Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. 1998. Systat Version 8.0 for Windows. Chicago, IL: SPSS Science Marketing Department.Google Scholar
University of California IPM Project. 1993. IMPACT User's Manual. A Guide to the Use of the Statewide IPM Project's Computer System and IMPACT Program. UC IPM Publ. 15. Berkeley, CA: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. pp. 6.2–6.11, 10.2-12.11.Google Scholar
Wijesinghe, D. K. 1994. Temporal and structural components of ramet independence in the clonal perennial herb, Potentilla simplex . J. Ecol. 82:13–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wijesinghe, D. K. and Whigham, D. F. 1997. Costs of producing clonal offspring and the effects of plant size on population dynamics of the woodland herb Uvularia perfoliata (Liliaceae). J. Ecol. 85:907–919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zar, J. H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. pp. 341–344.Google Scholar
Zasada, J. C., Tappeiner, J. C. III, Maxwell, B. D., and Radwan, M. A. 1994. Seasonal changes in shoot and root production and in carbohydrate content of salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis) rhizome segments from the central Oregon Coast Ranges. Can. J. For. Res. 24:272–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar