Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T01:30:58.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Quackgrass (Agropyron repens) Interference on Corn (Zea mays)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Frank L. Young ,
Donald L. Wyse  and
Robert J. Jones
Frank L. Young
Affiliation:
Dep. of Agron. and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
Donald L. Wyse
Affiliation:
Dep. of Agron. and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
Robert J. Jones
Affiliation:
Dep. of Agron. and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of quackgrass [Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. ♯ AGRRE] density and soil moisture on corn (Zea mays L.) growth and yield. Quackgrass densities ranging from 65 to 390 shoots/m2 reduced corn yield 12 to 16%. A quackgrass density of 745 shoots/m2 reduced corn yields an average of 37% and significantly reduced corn height, ear length, ear-fill length, kernels/row, rows/ear, and seed weight. In the soil moisture study, quackgrass was shorter than corn throughout the growing season, and analyses of corn leaf tissue indicated that quackgrass did not interfere with the nutrient status of the corn. In 1979, soil moisture was not limiting and corn yields were similar in all treatments regardless of irrigation or the presence of quackgrass. In 1980, soil moisture was limited and irrigation increased the yield of quackgrass-free corn. Irrigation also increased the yield of quackgrass-infested corn to a level similar to irrigated corn. When light and nutrients are not limiting factors, an adequate supply of soil moisture can eliminate the effects of quackgrass interference on the growth, development, and yield of corn.

Keywords

Leaf areasoil moistureleaf water potentialplant tissue analysisweed competitionAGRRE
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , March 1984 , pp. 226 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bandeen, J. D. and Buchholtz, K. P. 1967. Competitive effects of quackgrass upon corn as modified by fertilization. Weeds 15:220–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Boyer, J. S. 1970a. Leaf enlargement and metabolic rates of corn, soybean, and sunflower at various leaf water potentials. Plant Physiol. 46:223–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Boyer, J. S. 1970b. Differing sensitivity of photosynthesis to leaf water potentials in corn and soybean. Plant Physiol. 46:236–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Bremner, J. M. 1965. Total nitrogen. Pages 1149–1178 in Black, C. A., ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, part 2. Agron. Monogr. no. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI.Google Scholar
5. Classen, M. M. and Shaw, R. H. 1970. Water deficit effects on corn. II. Grain components. Agron. J. 62:652–655.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Denmead, O. T. and Shaw, R. H. 1960. The effects of soil moisture stress at different stages of growth on the development and yield of corn. Agron. J. 52:272–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Hanway, J. J. 1962. Corn growth and composition in relation to soil fertility: II. Uptake of N, P, and K, and their distribution in different plant parts during the growing season. Agron. J. 54:217–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Hsiao, T. C. 1973. Plant responses to water stress. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24:519–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Ivany, J. A. 1978. Effects of quackgrass competition on silage corn yield. Can. J. Plant Sci. 58:539–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Jones, J. B. and Eck, H. V. 1973. Soil testing and plant analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Inc. 358 pp.Google Scholar
11. Knake, E. L. and Slife, F. W. 1962. Competition of Setaria faberii with corn and soybeans. Weeds 10:26–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Kommedahl, T., Old, K. M., Ohman, J. H., and Ryan, E. W. 1975. Quackgrass and nitrogen effects on succeeding crops in the field. Weed Sci. 23:29–32.Google Scholar
13. Kramer, P. J. 1969. Plant and soil water relationships. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 482 pp.Google Scholar
14. Melsted, S. W., Motto, H. L., and Peck, T. R. 1969. Critical plant nutrient composition values useful in interpreting plant analysis data. Agron. J. 61:17–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Moolani, M. K., Knake, E. L., and Slife, F. W. 1964. Competition of smooth pigweed with corn and soybeans. Weeds 12:126–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Ohman, J. H. and Kommendahl, T. 1960. Relative toxicity of extracts from vegetative organs of quackgrass to alfalfa. Weeds 8:666–670.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Ohman, J. H. and Kommendahl, T. 1984. Plant extracts, residues, and soil minerals in relation to competition of quackgrass with oats and alfalfa. Weeds 12:222–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Reicosky, D. C., Campbell, R. B., and Doty, C. W. 1975. Diurnal fluctuation of leaf-water potential of corn as influenced by soil matric potential and microclimate. Agron. J. 67:380–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Robins, J. S. and Domingo, C. E. 1953. Some effects of severe soil moisture deficits at specific stages in corn. Agron. J. 45:618–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Scholander, P. F., Hammel, H. T., Bradstreet, E. D., and Hemmingsen, E. A. 1965. Sap pressure in vascular plants. Science 148:339–346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Stoller, E. W., Wax, L. M., and Slife, F. W. 1979. Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) competition and control in corn (Zea mays). Weed Sci. 27:32–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Toai, T. V. and Linscott, D. L. 1979. Phytotoxic effect of decaying quackgrass (Agropyron repens) residues. Weed Sci. 27:595–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Watts, W. R. 1974. Leaf extension in Zea mays. III. Field measurements of leaf extension in response to temperature and leaf water potential. J. Exp. Bot. 25:1085–1096.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Young, F. L., Wyse, D. L., and Jones, R. J. 1983. Effect of irrigation on quackgrass (Agropyron repens) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 31:720–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar