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Physiological basis for differential tolerance of tomato and pepper to rimsulfuron and halosulfuron: site of action study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Richard S. Buker III ,
Bala Rathinasabapathi ,
William M. Stall ,
Greg MacDonald  and
Steven M. Olson
Bala Rathinasabapathi
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
William M. Stall
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
Greg MacDonald
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
Steven M. Olson
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351
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Abstract

Tomato and pepper differ in their whole-plant tolerance to sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides rimsulfuron and halosulfuron despite both being members of the Solanaceae family. This study examined whether tomato's tolerance to SU herbicides rimsulfuron and halosulfuron was due to insensitivity of the target enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS). Rimsulfuron and halosulfuron inhibited ALS from both tomato and pepper leaves. Enzyme inhibition and kinetic analyses showed that extractable ALS from tomato was more sensitive to rimsulfuron and halosulfuron than ALS from pepper. ALS from both species were inhibited with a mixed inhibition pattern. Thus, results indicate that enzyme insensitivity is not the reason why tomato is more tolerant than pepper to these herbicides. Tomato tolerance to rimsulfuron at the whole-plant level was reduced in the presence of terbufos, a known inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Rimsulfuron applied at 0.018 and 0.035 kg ha−1 with 1.1 kg ha−1 of terbufos reduced tomato shoot weight 69 and 66%, respectively, compared with a 4 and 29% reduction when rimsulfuron was applied alone. The reduction of tomato tolerance to rimsulfuron by terbufos suggests that the sensitivity differences between these species may reflect their differences in SU herbicide metabolism.

Keywords

Halosulfuronrimsulfuronpepper, Capsicum annuum L. ‘X3R-Camelot’tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘FL 47’Enzyme sensitivityenzyme inhibitionherbicide metabolismherbicide–insecticide interaction
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 201 - 205
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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