Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T19:18:29.334Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control by Herbicides in Oil Diluents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

William L. Barrentine  and
Chester G. McWhorter
William L. Barrentine
Affiliation:
Delta Branch, Miss. Agric. and For. Exp. Stn., Stoneville, MS 38776
Chester G. McWhorter
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Control of seedling and rhizome johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHA] with five herbicides was evaluated after postemergence application in various diluents and spray volumes using one to three types of applicators from 1983 to 1985. The rate of each herbicide required to control seedling johnsongrass using paraffinic oil as the diluent in applications with an external- or internal-mixing air-assist sprayer at a spray volume of 9.4 L/ha was one-half the rate required when water plus 1.25% (v/v) paraffinic oil concentrate (POC) or water plus 1.25% (v/v) soybean oil concentrate (SOC) were the diluents in applications with a conventional sprayer equipped with fan jet spray nozzles at a spray volume of 187 L/ha. Rates were also reduced when once-refined soybean oil was the diluent at a spray volume of 9.4 L/ha, except for the ethyl ester of quizalofop {(±)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy] phenoxy] propanoic acid}. Sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} was equally effective on seedling johnsongrass growing in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘DPL 105’] when applied at 224 g ai/ha with an internal-mixing air-assist sprayer or a controlled-droplet applicator (CDA) at a spray volume of 9.4 L/ha and a conventional sprayer at a spray volume of 187 L/ha, regardless of diluent. Conventional application required the use of 1.25% (v/v) SOC or POC as part of the diluent to be effective. For three of the five herbicides evaluated on rhizome johnsongrass, paraffinic oil at a spray volume of 9.4 L/ha was the only diluent that resulted in season-long control. Rhizome johnsongrass control with this diluent also resulted in significantly higher soybean yields than all other diluent-spray volume treatments.

Keywords

Haloxyfopquizalofopcloproxydimfluazifop-Psethoxydimparaffinic oilsoybean oilsoybean oil concentrateparaffinic oil concentrateadjuvantsspray volumespray equipmentSORHA
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , January 1988 , pp. 102 - 110
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Barrentine, W. L. 1984. Alternate herbicide carriers — A progress report on oil and oil concentrates. Crops Soils 36:13–15.Google Scholar
2. Barrentine, W. L. and McWhorter, C. G. 1985. Oil carriers for herbicides applied postemergence to johnsongrass. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am., No. 10.Google Scholar
3. Barrentine, W. L., Hurst, H. R., and Dale, J. E. 1983. Soybean vs. petroleum oil adjuvants in soybean weed control. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 60:744.Google Scholar
4. Barrentine, W. L., Hurst, H. R., and Dale, J. E. 1983. Soyoil – carrier or additive for soybean herbicides. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am., No. 135.Google Scholar
5. Buhler, D. D. and Burnside, O. C. 1984. Effect of application factors on postemergence phytotoxictiy of fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and sethoxydim. Weed Sci. 32:574–583.Google Scholar
6. Chernicky, J. P., Gossett, B. J., and Quisenberry, V. L. 1981. Factors influencing the response of annual grasses to BAS-9052 and RO-13-8895. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 34:97.Google Scholar
7. Cranmer, J. R. and Duke, W. B. 1983. Controlled droplet application (CDA) of fluazifop-P and sethoxydim for annual and perennial weed control. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. No. 57.Google Scholar
8. Driver, J. and Frans, R. E. 1983. Postemergence control of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in soybeans. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 36:58.Google Scholar
9. Elmore, C. D. 1984. Weed survey – Southern states. Res. Rep., South. Weed Sci. Soc. 37:192–198.Google Scholar
10. Finney, D. J. 1971. Probit Analysis. 3rd ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, London. 333 pp.Google Scholar
11. Hartzler, R. G. and Foy, C. L. 1983. Efficacy of three postemergence grass herbicides for soybeans. Weed Sci. 31:557–561.Google Scholar
12. Meyers, R. S., Waucoupe, R. D., McWhorter, C. G., and Barrentine, W. L. 1985. Microemulsions as carriers for ultralow volume oil- and water-based postemergence herbicide applications. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. No. 8.Google Scholar
13. McWhorter, C. G. and Barrentine, W. L. 1988. Spread of paraffinic oil on leaf surfaces of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). Weed Sci. 36:111–117.Google Scholar
14. Retzinger, E. J. Jr., and Rogers, R. L. 1982. Evaluation of six postemergence overtop herbicides for grass control. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 35:31.Google Scholar
15. Steel, R.G. D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics – A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 633 pp.Google Scholar
16. Winton, K. T. and Frans, R. E. 1984. Experimental postemergence herbicides for control of johnsongrass in soybeans. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 37:49.Google Scholar