Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:59:26.239Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interaction of Calcium and 2,4-D on Eurasian Watermilfoil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Ronald A. Stanley
Ronald A. Stanley*
Affiliation:
Environ. Biol. Branch, Div. of Environ. Planning, TVA, Muscle Shoals, AL 35660
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The interaction of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid], substrate, and calcium on eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) was determined. The effectiveness of 2,4-D was twice as great on plants grown on a substrate containing soil as it was on plants grown on a sand substrate. The presence of calcium chloride in sand culture during the period of 2,4-D uptake caused comparable or greater increases than sand culture without calcium in the effectiveness of 2,4-D. Possible differences in effectiveness of field treatments were calculated to be 48% greater at the highest natural concentrations of calcium than at the lowest concentrations in water of the Tennessee Valley. Calcium concentration and substrate altered the effectiveness of 2,4-D on eurasian watermilfoil.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , May 1975 , pp. 182 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © 1975 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Ayadi, A. and Thellier, M. 1970. Formulation électrocinétique de l'effet de régulation par le calcium de l'absorption du rubidium chez la Lemna minor . C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 271:1280–1283.Google Scholar
2. Batterton, J.C., Boush, G.M., and Matsumura, F. 1972. DDT: Inhibition of sodium chloride tolerance by the blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans . Science 176:1141–1143.Google Scholar
3. Becker, V.E. and Ort, D.R. 1972. Uptake and translocation of the alkali metal ions by rye plants. Assoc. Southeast. Biol. Bull. 19:53.Google Scholar
4. Chaudry, F.M. and Loneragan, J.F. 1972. Zinc absorption by wheat seedlings and the nature of its inhibition by alkaline earth cations. J. Exp. Bot. 75:552–560.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Chimiklis, P.E. and Karlander, E.P. 1973. Light and calcium interactions in Chlorella inhibited by sodium chloride. Plant Physiol. 51:48–56.Google Scholar
6. Davis, G.J., Jones, M.N., Lunney, C.Z., and Clark, G.M. 1974. Inhibition of sodium chloride toxicity in seedlings of Myriophyllum spicatum L. with calcium. Plant Cell Physiol. 15:577–581.Google Scholar
7. Donaldson, T.W., Bayer, D.E., and Leonard, O.A. 1973. Absorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (monuron) by barley roots. Plant Physiol. 52:638–645.Google Scholar
8. Franklin, R.E. 1970. Effect of adsorbed cations on phosphorus absorption by various plant species. Agron. J. 62:214–216.Google Scholar
9. Della Fuente, R.K. and Leopold, A.C. 1973. A role for calcium auxin transport. Plant Physiol. 51:845–847.Google Scholar
10. Higinbotham, N. 1973. Electropotentials of plant cells. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 24:25–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Hutchinson, G.E. 1970. The chemical ecology of three species of Myriophyllum (Angiospermae, Haloragaceae). Limnol. Oceanog. 15:1–5.Google Scholar
12. Jyung, W.H. 1972. Mechanisms of zinc uptake by bean leaf discs. Plant Physiol. Suppl. 49:3.Google Scholar
13. Laties, G.G. 1969. Dual mechanisms of salt uptake in relation to compartmentation and long-distance transport. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 20:89–116.Google Scholar
14. Leggett, J.E. 1968. Salt absorption by plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 19:333–346.Google Scholar
15. MacRobbie, E.A.C. 1971. Fluxes and compartmentation in plant cells. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 22:75–96.Google Scholar
16. Nissen, P. 1974. Uptake mechanisms: inorganic and organic. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 25:53–79.Google Scholar
17. Parker, C. 1966. Influence of water hardness on the phytotoxicity of paraquat. Nature 212:1465–1466.Google Scholar
18. Sargent, J.A. 1965. The penetration of growth regulators into leaves. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 16:1–12.Google Scholar
19. Stanley, R.A. 1971. Studies on nutrition, photosynthesis and respiration in Myriophyllum spicatum L. Dissert. Absts. 31:5843-B.Google Scholar
20. Stanley, R.A. 1974. Toxicity of heavy metals and salts to eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.). Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2(4) 331–341.Google Scholar
21. Tanaka, Y. and Woods, F. 1972. Root and root hair growth in relation to supply and internal mobility of calcium. Bot. Gaz. 133:29–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Tennessee Valley Authority. 1967. Quality of water in Watts Bar Reservoir. TVA Report, Chattanooga, Tennessee. 68 pp.Google Scholar
23. Tukey, H.B. Jr. 1970. The leaching of substances from plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 21:305–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Wetzel, R.G. 1969. Factors influencing photosynthesis and excretion of dissolved organic matter by aquatic macrophytes in hard water lakes. Verh. Internatl. Verein. Limnol. 17:72–85.Google Scholar