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The Influence of Soil Water Content on Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) Interference in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David A. Mortensen  and
Harold D. Coble
David A. Mortensen
Affiliation:
Agron. Dep., Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Harold D. Coble
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to evaluate the stability of reciprocal interference relationships between common cocklebur and soybean under high and low soil moisture conditions. A significant soil moisture differential was established with portable rain exclusion shelters. Well-watered and drought-stressed common cocklebur reduced soybean yield 29 and 12%, respectively. Drought-stressed common cocklebur interfered with soybean over a shorter distance and the magnitude of the effect at a given distance was reduced. The reduced common cocklebur interference in drier soils was attributed to both common cocklebur and soybean growth responses to moisture stress. First, moisture stress caused greater reductions in common cocklebur canopy diameter, stem diameter, node number, and plant height than in soybean. Second, the soybean yield potential was reduced by moisture stress. The reduction in yield potential decreased the effect of the weed interference. Third, soybean canopy development was slowed, and canopy closure that occurred in about 12 weeks in well-watered soybeans never occurred in the moisture-stressed soybeans. This reduced the degree of light interference between both the common cocklebur and soybean and among the soybean plants. The results of this study indicate that the reciprocal interference relationships between common cocklebur and soybean are not stable across soil moisture conditions. The implications of unstable competitive parameters must be considered as threshold models are developed for various field crops.

Keywords

Common cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. # XANSTsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Centennial’Drought stresssoil moistureeconomic thresholdsarea of influencecompetitive indexweed interferenceXANST
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , January 1989 , pp. 76 - 83
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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