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Influence of Mulch, Tillage, and Diphenamid on Weed Control, Yield, and Quality in No-Till Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Donn G. Shilling ,
A. Douglas Worsham  and
David A. Danehower
Donn G. Shilling
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695–7627
A. Douglas Worsham
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695–7627
David A. Danehower
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695–7627
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various densities of four fall-seeded small grain mulches and diphenamid (N,N-dimethyl-α-phenyl benzeneacetamide) on weed control, yield, and quality in no-till flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘McNair 944’). A greenhouse study investigated the effects of non-soil-incorporated mulch from the same small grains plus alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on various growth parameters of tobacco (‘Speight G-70’). None of the mulches used in the greenhouse study adversely affected growth of the tobacco. Mulch from rye (Secale cereale L. ‘Abruzzi’) killed about 2 weeks before transplanting plus diphenamid provided better annual broadleaf weed control (85%) than wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘McNair’), barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Keowee’), and no mulch. Oat (Avena sativa L. ‘Brooks’) mulch resulted in 80% broadleaf weed control. There were no differences in annual grass control (which was short lived) among mulches but control was lower in the no-mulch treatment. Rye mulch resulted in a 22% increase in the control of broadleaf weeds compared to no-mulch. Yield of the no-till tobacco did not differ among mulches and averaged 82% of that conventionally grown. The quality was not affected. The rye mulch did not affect the yield or quality of tobacco when compared to a nonmulch, noncultivated treatment. The 18% decrease in the no-till yield was apparently the result of the lack of tillage and increased weed interference and was not due to adverse effects from the rye.

Keywords

Conservation tillageherbicidessmall grainssoil conservationallelopathyAmbrosia artemisiifoliaAmaranthus retroflexusCyprus spp.Digitaria sanguinalisEleusine indicaIpomoea spp.AMAREAMBELDIGSAELEIN
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 34 , Issue 5 , September 1986 , pp. 738 - 744
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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