Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T13:23:42.172Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of Irrigation Timing on Disturbance-Induced Reductions in Soil Seedbank Density

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Brian J. Schutte ,
Nina Klypin  and
Manoj K. Shukla
Brian J. Schutte*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
Nina Klypin
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
Manoj K. Shukla
Affiliation:
Plant and Environmental Sciences Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Studies suggest that disturbance-induced reductions in soil seedbank density are diminished by periods of water scarcity after soil disturbance; however, this hypothesis has yet to be tested. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the effects of increasing time between soil disturbance and flood irrigation on disturbance-induced reductions in soil seedbank density, and (2) to identify specific soil moisture levels that cause seedbank reductions under flood irrigation. Weed species in this study were junglerice, Palmer amaranth, and yellow foxtail. For Objective 1, artificial seedbanks with known numbers of seeds were disturbed 10, 3, or 0 d prior to flood irrigations under field conditions. For Objective 2, seeds were buried in soil mesocosms that were hydrated to specific soil water potentials (flooded, 0 kPa, −30 kPa, −60 kPa, and −180 kPa) and placed in laboratory conditions favorable for germination. For both objectives, seeds were recovered to determine the percentages of buried seeds that survived the disturbance or moisture treatments. Results for the field study indicated that soil disturbances reduced seedbank persistence of Palmer amaranth but did not affect seedbank persistence of junglerice and yellow foxtail. Disturbance-induced reductions in seedbank density were greatest when soil was disturbed 0 and 3 d prior to flood irrigations. For the laboratory study, results showed that waterlogged soil was not required for seedbank losses because rates of seedbank persistence were greater in saturated soils (0 kPa and flooded) compared to the lower moisture levels. These studies indicate that delays in irrigation can reduce the seedbank reduction potentials of soil disturbance events. Further, irrigation timing effects on disturbed soil seedbanks are likely to occur in all irrigation systems, including those that reduce the amount of water applied compared to flood irrigation.

Keywords

JunglericeEchinochloa colona (L.) Link ECHCO; Palmer amaranthAmaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPA; yellow foxtailSetaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & J. A. Schultes SETLUAnnual weedshypoxic stressintegrated weed managementseed mortalityseedbank persistenceseedling emergencesoil moisture
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 613 - 623
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate editor for this paper: William Vencill, University of Georgia

References

Literature Cited

Baskin, CC, Baskin, JM (2014) Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. New York: Elsevier. 1586 pGoogle Scholar
Bekker, RM, Oomes, MJM, Bakker, JP (1998) The impact of groundwater level on soil seed bank survival Seed Sci Res 8:399–404 Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, RL, Sanchez, RA, Forcella, F, Kruk, BC, Ghersa, CM (2000) Environmental control of dormancy in weed seed banks in soil Field Crop Res 67:105–122 Google Scholar
Berrie, AMM, Paterson, J, West, HR (1974) Water content and responsivity of lettuce seeds to light Physiol Plant 31:90–96 Google Scholar
Botto, JF, Scopel, AL, Sanchez, RA (2000) Water constraints on the photoinduction of weed seed germination during tillage Aust J Plant Physiol 27:463–471 Google Scholar
Calderon, FJ, Jackson, LE, Scow, KM, Rolston, DE (2000) Microbial responses to simulated tillage in cultivated and uncultivated soils Soil Biol Biochem 32:1547–1559 Google Scholar
Caldwell, B, Mohler, CL (2001) Stale seedbed practices for vegetable production Hortscience 36:703–705 Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Abugho, SB (2013) Effect of crop residue on seedling emergence and growth of selected weed species in a sprinkler-irrigated zero-rill dry-seeded rice system Weed Sci 61:403–409 Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2009a) Influence of tillage systems on weed seedling emergence pattern in rainfed rice Soil Till Res 106:15–21 Google Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2009b) Seed germination ecology of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) : A major weed of rice Weed Sci 57:235–240 Google Scholar
Comes, RD, Bruns, VF, Kelley, AD (1978) Longevity of certain weed and crop seeds in fresh water Weed Sci 26:336–344 Google Scholar
Crawford, RMM (1977) Tolerance of anoxia and ethanol metabolism in germinating seeds New Phytol 79:511–517 Google Scholar
Dane, JH, Hopmans, WJ (2002) Pressure plate extractor. Pages 688–690 in Dane, JH, Topp, GC, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4. Physical Methods. Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) Book Ser. 5. Madison, WI: SSSA Google Scholar
Davis, AS (2006) When does it make sense to target the weed seed bank? Weed Sci 54:558–565 Google Scholar
Davis, AS, Liebman, M (2003) Cropping system effects on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) demography: I Green manure and tillage timing. Weed Sci 51:919–929 Google Scholar
Davis, AS, Williams, MM (2007) Variation in wild proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) fecundity in sweet corn has residual effects in snap bean Weed Sci 55:502–507 Google Scholar
de Miguel, L, Sanchez, RA (1992) Phytochrome-induced germination, endosperm softening and embryo growth potential in Datura ferox seeds: sensitivity to low water potential and time to escape to FR reversal J Exp Bot 43:969–974 Google Scholar
Didon, UME, Kolseth, AK, Widmark, D, Persson, P (2014) Cover crop residues-effects on germination and early growth of annual weeds Weed Sci 62:294–302 Google Scholar
Dieleman, JA, Mortensen, DA, Martin, AR (1999) Influence of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) density variation on weed management outcomes Weed Sci 47:81–89 Google Scholar
Drew, MC, Lynch, JM (1980) Soil anaerobiosis, microorganisms, and root function Annu Rev Phytopathol 18:37–66 Google Scholar
Egley, GH (1983) Weed seed and seedling reductions by soil solarization with transparent polyethylene sheets Weed Sci 31:404–409 Google Scholar
Finch-Savage, WE, Leubner-Metzger, G (2006) Seed dormancy and the control of germination New Phytol 171:501–523 Google Scholar
Forcella, F (2003) Debiting the seedbank: priorities and predictions Aspects of Applied Biology 69:151–161 Google Scholar
Gallagher, RS, Cardina, J (1997) Soil water thresholds for photoinduction of redroot pigweed germination Weed Sci 45:414–418 Google Scholar
Hilhorst, HWM, Darssen, CM (2000) Effect of chemical environment on seed germination. Pages 293–309 in Fenner, M, ed. The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. New York: CABI Google Scholar
Jha, P, Norsworthy, JK, Riley, MB, Bridges, W (2010) Annual changes in temperature and light requirements for germination of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) seeds retrieved from soil Weed Sci 58:426–432 Google Scholar
Johnson, EN, Holm, FA (2010) Pre-emergence mechanical weed control in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) Can J Plant Sci 90:133–138 Google Scholar
Johnson, WC, Mullinix, BG (1995) Weed management in peanut using stale seedbed techniques Weed Sci 43:293–297 Google Scholar
Jordan, N, Mortensen, DA, Prenzlow, DM, Cox, KC (1995) Simulation analysis of crop-rotation effects on weed seedbanks Am J Bot 82:390–398 Google Scholar
Keddy, PA, Constabel, P (1986) Germination of 10 shoreline plants in relation to seed size, soil particle size and water level: an experimental study. J Ecol 74:133141 Google Scholar
Leon, RG, Owen, MDK (2004) Artificial and natural seed banks differ in seedling emergence patterns Weed Sci 52:531–537 Google Scholar
Lonsbary, SK, O'Sullivan, J, Swanton, CJ (2003) Stale-seedbed as a weed management alternative for machine-harvested cucumbers (Cucumis sativus). Weed Technol 17:724–730 Google Scholar
Lovley, DR (1991) Dissimilatory Fe(III) and Mn(IV) reduction Microbiol Rev 55:259–287 Google Scholar
Lovley, DR, Phillips, EJP (1987) Rapid assay for microbially reducible ferric iron in aquatic sediments Appl Environ Microbiol 53:1536–1540 Google Scholar
Mayer, DG, Butler, DG (1993) Statistical validation Ecol Model 68:21–32 Google Scholar
Melander, B, Rasmussen, G (2001) Effects of cultural methods and physical weed control on intrarow weed numbers, manual weeding and marketable yield in direct-sown leek and bulb onion Weed Res 41:491–508 Google Scholar
Menalled, FD, Liebman, M, Renner, KA (2006) The ecology of weed seed predation in herbaceous crop fields. Pages 297–327 in Singh, HP, Batish, DR Kohli, KK, eds. Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management. New York: Food Products Press Google Scholar
Milberg, P, Andersson, L (1997) Seasonal variation in dormancy and light sensitivity in buried seeds of eight annual weed species Can J Bot 75:1998–2004 Google Scholar
Mirsky, SB, Gallandt, ER, Mortensen, DA, Curran, WS, Shumway, DL (2010) Reducing the germinable weed seedbank with soil disturbance and cover crops Weed Res 50:341–352 Google Scholar
Morinaga, T (1926) Germination of seeds under water Am J Bot 13:126–140 Google Scholar
Mulugeta, D, Stoltenberg, DE (1997) Increased weed emergence and seed bank depletion by soil disturbance in a no-tillage system Weed Sci 45:234–241 Google Scholar
Myers, MW, Curran, WS, Vangessel, MJ, Majek, BA, Mortensen, DA, Calvin, DD, Karsten, HD, Roth, GW (2005) Effect of soil disturbance on annual weed emergence in the northeastern United States Weed Technol 19:274–282 Google Scholar
Neve, P, Norsworthy, JK, Smith, KL, Zelaya, IA (2011) Modelling evolution and management of glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri Weed Res 51:99–112 Google Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Ward, SM, Shaw, DR, Llewellyn, RS, Nichols, RL, Webster, TM, Bradley, KW, Frisvold, G, Powles, SB, Burgos, NR, Witt, WW, Barrett, M (2012) Reducing the risks of herbicide resistance: best management practices and recommendations Weed Sci 60:31–62 Google Scholar
Peters, J (2000) Tetrazolium Testing Handbook. Lincoln, NE: Association of Official Seed Analysts Google Scholar
Pons, TL (2000) Seed responses to light. Pages 237–260 in Fenner, M, ed. Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. New York: CABI Google Scholar
Roberts, HA, Potter, ME (1980) Emergence patterns of weed seedlings in relation to cultivation and rainfall Weed Res 20:377–386 Google Scholar
Sarlistyaningsih, L, Sivasithamparam, K, Setter, TL (1995) Influence of waterlogging on germination and survival of lupin seeds (Lupinus angustifolius L cv Gungurru) coated with calcium peroxide and streptomycin Aust J Exp Agr 35:537–541 Google Scholar
Schafer, M, Kotanen, PM (2003) The influence of soil moisture on losses of buried seeds to fungi Acta Oecologica 24:255–263 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Cunningham, A (2015) Tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) seedbank density effects on pendimethalin control outcomes Weed Technol 29:844–853 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Davis, AS, Peinado, SA, Ashigh, J (2014b) Seed-coat thickness data clarify seed size-seed-bank persistence trade-offs in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae) Seed Sci Res 24:119–131 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Davis, AS, Renner, KA, Cardina, J. 2008. Maternal and burial environment effects on seed mortality of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi). Weed Sci 56:834–840 Google Scholar
Schutte, BJ, Tomasek, BJ, Davis, AS, Andersson, L, Benoit, DL, Cirujeda, A, Dekker, J, Forcella, F, Gonzalez-Andujar, JL, Graziani, F, Murdoch, AJ, Neve, P, Rasmussen, IA, Sera, B, Salonen, J, Tei, F, Torresen, KS, Urbano, JM (2014a) An investigation to enhance understanding of the stimulation of weed seedling emergence by soil disturbance Weed Res 54:1–12 Google Scholar
Scopel, AL, Ballare, CL, Sanchez, RA (1991) Induction of extreme light sensitivity in buried weed seeds and its role in the perception of soil cultivations Plant Cell Environ 14:501–508 Google Scholar
Spandl, E, Durgan, BR, Forcella, F (1998) Tillage and planting date influence foxtail (Setaria spp.) emergence in continuous spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Technol 12:223–229 Google Scholar
Sparks, OC, Barrentine, JL, Burgos, NR, McClelland, MR (2004) Effect of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) seedbank density on the performance of pendimethalin and fluometuron. Pages 167–172 in Oosterhuis, DM, ed. Summaries of Arkansas Cotton Research 2003. Fayetteville, AR: Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arkansas Google Scholar
Steel, MG, Cavers, PB, Lee, SM (1983) The biology of Canadian weeds. 59. Setaria glauca (L) Beauv and Setaria verticillata (L) Beauv. Can J Plant Sci 63:711–725 Google Scholar
Taylor, IN, Walker, SR, Adkins, SW (2005) Burial depth and cultivation influence emergence and persistence of Phalaris paradoxa seed in an Australian sub-tropical environment Weed Res 45:33–40 Google Scholar
Taylor, KL, Hartzler, RG (2000) Effect of seed bank augmentation on herbicide efficacy Weed Technol 14:261–267 Google Scholar
Thompson, K (2000) The functional ecology of soil seed banks. Pages 215–236 in Fenner, M, ed. Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. New York: CABI Google Scholar
Verdu, AMC, Mas, MT (2004) Comparison of Polygonum aviculare L seedling survival under different tillage systems in Mediterranean dryland agroecosystems. Acta Oecol 25:119–127 Google Scholar
Vertucci, CW, Vertucci, FA, Leopold, AC (1987) Water content and the conversion of phytochrome regulation of lettuce dormancy Plant Physiol 84:887–890 Google Scholar
Wagner, M, Mitschunas, N (2008) Fungal effects on seed bank persistence and potential applications in weed biocontrol: A review Basic Appl Ecol 9:191–203 Google Scholar
Walsh, M, Newman, P (2007) Burning narrow windrows for weed seed destruction Field Crop Res 104:24–30 Google Scholar
Walsh, M, Newman, P, Powles, S (2013) Targeting weed seeds incrop: a new weed control paradigm for global agriculture Weed Technol 27:431–436 Google Scholar
Ward, SM, Webster, TM, Steckel, LE (2013) Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) : A Review Weed Technol 27:12–27 Google Scholar
Zar, J (1999) Biostatistical Analysis. 4th edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Google Scholar