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Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) Competition in Cotton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kelly A. Barnett  and
Lawrence E. Steckel
Kelly A. Barnett
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, Department of Plant Sciences, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301
Lawrence E. Steckel*
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, Department of Plant Sciences, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds, including giant ragweed, are among the most challenging weeds for growers to control in cotton. A field study was conducted in 2011 and 2012 to determine the competitiveness of giant ragweed with densities of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, or 1.6 plants m−1 of row. Early in the growing season, giant ragweed competition with densities of at least 0.8 plants m−1 row reduced cotton height compared with the weed-free control. Based on node above white flower (NAWF) and node above cracked boll (NACB) data, a delay in cotton maturity was observed for treatments with giant ragweed present at a density of 1.6 m−1 of cotton row for NAWF and 0.8 m−1 or 1.6 m−1 of row for NACB. Lint yield losses of 50% were estimated for cotton with rows growing along side of giant ragweed at a density of 0.26 plants m−1 row. Cotton in rows located 140 cm away from giant ragweed required an estimated 1.85 plants m−1 row to reduce yield by 50%. These data suggest that giant ragweed sphere of influence was at least 1 m wide. Cotton fiber quality was not affected by giant ragweed at any density. Giant ragweed is a highly competitive weed in cotton, even at low densities, and efforts should be implemented to control giant ragweed early in the season to prevent cotton yield loss.

Keywords

Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum Lgiant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L.glyphosate resistant, GRGiant ragweedglyphosate resistanceherbicide resistance
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 543 - 548
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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