Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T03:23:14.875Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Common Beggar's-Tick (Bidens alba)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Analiza H. M. Ramirez ,
Amit J. Jhala  and
Megh Singh
Analiza H. M. Ramirez*
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
Amit J. Jhala
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
Megh Singh
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Common beggar's-tick is an annual weed commonly found in citrus groves in Florida. A series of laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the germination response of common beggar's-tick to various environmental factors that influence seed survival, germination, and dormancy. The results suggest that common beggar's-tick germinated over a wide range of temperatures (15 to 40 C) and in both alternating light and dark and dark conditions. New seeds (collected in 2010) germinated better than the old seeds (collected in 2007) at 15/10 C; however, at temperatures above 35 C, the old seeds germinated better. The highest germination was 95% at 25 to 30 C with old seeds compared to 78 to 86% at 20 to 30 C with new seeds. Germination of common beggar's-tick was inhibited at osmotic potential above −0.6 MPa and salt concentrations of 320 mM. Highest germination in common beggar's-tick was found under neutral conditions (pH 7); germination decreased sharply under increasing acidity and alkalinity. Emergence decreased as depth of sowing increased, with greatest germination (89 to 91%) occurring when sown at the surface (0 cm) regardless of seed age. No germination was observed when seeds were buried at 10 cm. Results of this study suggest that favorable temperature and soil pH, and adequate moisture in Florida ensures the germination and continued presence of common beggar's-tick.

Keywords

Common beggar's-tick, Bidens alba (L.) D.C.Depth of sowinglightosmotic potentialpHsalt stressseed agetemperature
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 374 - 378
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Adkins, S. W., Simpson, G. M., and Naylor, J. M. 1985. The physiological basis of seed dormancy in Avena fatua. VII. Action of organic acids and pH. Plant. Physiol. 65:310–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benvenuti, S. and Macchia, M. 1997. Germination ecophysiology of bur beggar's-ticks (Bidens tripartita) as affected by light and oxygen. Weed Sci. 45:696–700.Google Scholar
Biswas, P. K., Bell, P. D., Crayton, J. L., and Paul, K. B. 1975. Germination behavior of Florida pusley seeds. I. Effects of storage, light, temperature and planting depth on germination. Weed Sci. 23:400–403.Google Scholar
Buker, R. S. III. 2005. What You Should Know Before Planning Your Citrus Weed Management Program. Horticultural Sciences Department. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/HS/HS23500.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2011.Google Scholar
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., and Preston, C. 2006. Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of Oriental mustard (Sisymbrium orientale). Weed Sci. 54:1025–1031.Google Scholar
Fenner, M. 1980. Germination test on thirty-two East African weed species. Weed Res. 21:135–138.Google Scholar
Futch, S. H. and Hall, D. W. 2003. Identification of Broadleaf Weeds in Citrus. Horticultural Science Department. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/HS/HS15000.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2011.Google Scholar
Gortner, R. A. Jr. 1949. Outlines of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. New York. John Wiley and Sons. 82–87.Google Scholar
Hall, D. W., Vandiver, V. V., and Ferell, J. A. 1991. Common Beggar's-Tick (Hairy Beggar's-Tick), Bidens alba (L.) D.C. Agronomy Department. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FW/FW00500.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2011.Google Scholar
Jain, R. and Singh, M. 1989. Factors affecting goatweed (Scoparia dulcis) seed germination. Weed Sci. 37:766–770.Google Scholar
Leck, M., Baskin, C. C., and Baskin, J. M. 1994. Germination ecology of Bidens laevis (Asteraceae) from a tidal freshwater wetland. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 121:230–239.Google Scholar
MacDonald, G. E., Brecke, B. J., and Shilling, D. G. 1992. Factors affecting germination of dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) and yankeeweed (Eupatorium compositifolium). Weed Sci. 40:424–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinkova, Z., Honek, A., and Lukas, J. 2006. Seed age and storage conditions influence germination of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Weed Sci. 54:298–304.Google Scholar
Michel, B. E. 1983. Evaluation of the water potentials of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000 both in the absence and presence of other solutes. Plant Physiol. 72:66–70.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. and Singh, M. 1992. Germination and emergence of hairy beggar's-ticks (Bidens pilosa). Weed Sci. 40:195–199.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R., Mack, R. E., and Smith, C. A. 1991. Redvine (Brunnichia ovata) germination and emergence. Weed Sci. 39:33–36.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R., Smith, H. R., Cole, A. W., and Snipes, C. E. 1987. Influence of environmental factors on smallflower morningglory (Jacquemontia tamnifolia) germination and growth. Weeds Sci. 35:519–523.Google Scholar
Shober, A., Wiese, C., and Denny, G. C. 2008. Soil pH and the Home Landscape or Garden. Soil and Water Science Department. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/sl256. Accessed June 25, 2011.Google Scholar
Singh, M. and Achhireddy, N. R. 1984. Germination ecology of milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata). Weed Sci. 32:781–785.Google Scholar
Singh, M., Ramirez, A.H.M., Sharma, S. D., and Jhala, A. J. 2012. Factors affecting germination of tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea). Weed Sci. 60:64–68.Google Scholar
Singh, M. and Sharma, S. D. 2001. Bioecological factors affecting germination of weed seeds. Pages 227–282 in BCPC-Weeds. Farnham, UK Brighton Crop Protection Council.Google Scholar
U. S. Department of Agriculture–Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2011. The PLANTS Database. Greensboro, NC National Plant Data Team. http://plants.usda.gov. Accessed June 30, 2011.Google Scholar