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Functional Relationships of Growth and Competitiveness in Perennial Weeds and Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Jodie S. Holt  and
Deborah R. Orcutt
Jodie S. Holt
Affiliation:
Dep. Botany and Plant Sci. Univ. California, Riverside, CA 92521
Deborah R. Orcutt
Affiliation:
Dep. Botany and Plant Sci. Univ. California, Riverside, CA 92521
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Abstract

Growth characteristics and competitive relationships of cotton and three perennial weeds (johnsongrass, purple nutsedge, and yellow nutsedge) were investigated at the USDA Cotton Research Station in Shafter, CA. In growth analysis experiments, yellow nutsedge and johnsongrass had highest values for height, biomass, leaf area production, growth rate, and photosynthetic efficiency. The weeds exhibited greater overall resource use and production efficiency than cotton, while cotton attained greater leafiness and canopy closure than weeds over the 10-wk experiment. Linear correlation indicated that most growth variables were significantly correlated with aggressivity (competitiveness); however, all correlation coefficients were less than 0.80. Stepwise multiple regression, using aggressivity as the dependent variable, defined 4 growth variables out of 12 that best described competitiveness. These were unit leaf rate (ULR), height, relative growth rate (RGR), and initial propagule weight (PWT). Thus, parameters of light utilization (ULR, height) and early establishment (RGR, PWT) were best predictors of competitive success in this system.

Keywords

Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHApurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. #CYPROyellow nutsedge, C. esculentus L. #CYPEScotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Acala‘SJ2′Aggressivitygrowth analysisinterferencereplacement seriesCYPESCYPROSORHA
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 39 , Issue 4 , December 1991 , pp. 575 - 584
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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