Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T22:21:59.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Functional and quantitative analysis of seed thermal responses in prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

B. C. Kruk  and
R. L. Benech-Arnold
B. C. Kruk*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
R. L. Benech-Arnold
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
Corresponding author.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A screening method was used to characterize seed thermal responses of prostrate knotweed and common purslane, two important weeds invading wheat in the humid Pampa. Through this method, it was possible to detect thermal conditions that induce or break dormancy in both species. In addition, we were able to quantify changes in dormancy level in seed populations as a function of time of burial after dispersal, through changes in width of the thermal range within which germination can occur. Plotting the overlap of this thermal range and observed soil temperature throughout the year allowed the prediction of the seedling emergence period. This prediction was in agreement with observed seedling emergence in the field for both species, during 2 consecutive yr. From the analysis carried out under laboratory conditions, it was also possible to estimate required thermal time for germination of the nondormant fraction of the population and the base temperature above which thermal time is accumulated. The results obtained from this study are the basis for the formulation of seed germination models that predict not only the occurrence of seedling emergence in the field, but also the dynamics of germination within those periods.

Keywords

Prostrate knotweed, Polygonum aviculare L. POLAVcommon purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. POROLwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Dormancygerminationemergence patternsoil temperaturePOLAVPOROL
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 83 - 90
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Alonso, S. I. 1984. Periodo de emergencia de las principales malezas del sudoeste bonaerense. EERA Balcarce. Información para extensión. Serie Producción Vegetal. 2. 10 p.Google Scholar
Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 1977. Role of temperature in the germination ecology of three summer annual weeds. Oecologia (Berl.) 30: 377–382.Google Scholar
Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 1984. Role of temperature in regulating timing of germination in soil seed reserves of Lamium purpureum (L.). Weed Res. 24: 341–349.Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R. L., Ghersa, C. M., Sánchez, R. A., and Insausti, P. 1990a. Temperature effects on dormancy release and germination rate in Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Seeds: a quantitative analysis. Weed Res. 30: 81–89.Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R. L., Ghersa, C. M., Sánchez, R. A., and Insausti, P. 1990b. A mathematical model to predict Sorghum halepense seed germination in relation to soil temperature. Weed Res. 30: 91–99.Google Scholar
Benech-Arnold, R. L. and Sánchez, R. A. 1995. Modelling weed seed germination. Pages 545–566 in Kigel, J. and Galili, G., eds. Seed Development and Germination. New York: Marcel Dekker.Google Scholar
Bewley, J. D. and Black, M. 1982. Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds in Relation to Germination. Volume 2. Berlin: Springet-Verlag. 375 p.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. 1990. The Effect of Environmental Conditions on the Seasonal Dormancy Pattern and Germination of Weed Seeds. . Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 157 p.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. and Karssen, C. M. 1992. The dual role of temperature in the regulation of the seasonal changes in dormancy and germination of seeds of Polygonum persicaria (L.). Oecologia 90: 88–94.Google Scholar
Bouwmeester, H. J. and Karssen, C. M. 1993. Annual changes in dormancy and germination in seeds of Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. New Phytol. 124: 179–191.Google Scholar
Bradford, K. J. 1996. Population-based models describing seed dormancy behaviour: implications for experimental design and interpretation. Pages 313–339 in Lang, G. A., ed. Plant Dormancy: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Wallingford, CT: C.A.B. International.Google Scholar
Fenner, M. 1987. Seedlings. New Phytol. 106: 35–47.Google Scholar
Finch-Savage, W. E. and Phelps, K. 1993. Onion (Allium cepa L.) seedling emergence patterns can be explained by the influence of soil temperature and water potential on seed germination. J. Exp. Bot. 44: 407–414.Google Scholar
Forcella, F. 1993. Seedling emergence model for velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti . Agron. J. 85: 929–933.Google Scholar
García-Huidobro, J., Monteith, J. L., and Squire, G. R. 1982. Time, temperature and germination of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides S& H.). J. Exp. Bot. 33: 288–296.Google Scholar
Ghersa, C. M., Benech-Arnold, R. L., and Martinez Ghersa, M. A. 1992. The role of fluctuating temperatures in germination and establishment of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. II. Regulation of germination at increasing depths. Funct. Ecol. 6: 460–468.Google Scholar
Goloff, A. A. and Bazzaz, M. A. 1975. A germination model for natural seed populations. J. Theor. Biol. 52: 259–283.Google Scholar
Harvey, S. J. and Forcella, F. 1993. Vernal seedling emergence model for common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Sci. 41: 309–316.Google Scholar
Karssen, C. M. 1982. Seasonal patterns of dormancy in weed seeds. Pages 243–270 in Khan, A., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Karssen, C. M., Derkx, M.P.M., and Post, B. J. 1988. Study of seasonal variation in dormancy of Spergula arvensis L. seeds in a condensed annual temperature cycle. Weed Res. 28: 449–457.Google Scholar
Leguizamon, E., Colombo, M. E., Salinas, A., and Severin, C. 1980. Modelos de flujo de emergencia de 19 especies de malezas. Malezas 8: 3–12.Google Scholar
Probert, R. J. 1992. The role of temperatute in germination ecophysiology. Pages 285–325 in Fenner, M., ed. Seeds. The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. Wallinford, CT: C.A.B. International.Google Scholar
Totterdell, S. and Roberts, E. H. 1979. Effects of low temperatures on the loss of innate dormancy and the development of induced dormancy in seeds of Rumex obtusifolius and Rumex crispus (L.). Plant Cell Environ. 2: 131–137.Google Scholar
Washitani, I. 1987. A convenient screening test system and a model for thermal germination responses of wild plant seeds: behaviour of model and real seed in the system. Plant Cell Environ. 10: 587–598.Google Scholar
Washitani, I. and Masuda, M. 1990. A comparative study of the germination characteristics of seed from a moist tall grassland community. Funct. Ecol. 4: 543–557.Google Scholar
Washitani, I. and Takenaka, A. 1984. Mathematical description of the seed germination dependency on time and temperature. Plant Cell Environ. 7: 359–362.Google Scholar