Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T08:22:21.849Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluating shade cloth to simulate Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) competition in sweetpotato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2021

Levi D. Moore Open the ORCID record for Levi D. Moore [Opens in a new window] ,
Katherine M. Jennings ,
David W. Monks ,
David L. Jordan ,
Ramon G. Leon  and
Michael D. Boyette
Levi D. Moore*
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Katherine M. Jennings
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
David W. Monks
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
David L. Jordan
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Ramon G. Leon
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Michael D. Boyette
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Levi D. Moore, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 2721 Founders Drive, Raleigh, NC27965. (Email: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 2019 and 2020 to compare the effects of shade cloth light interception and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) competition on ‘Covington’ sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. Treatments consisted of a seven by two factorial arrangement, in which the first factor included shade cloth with an average measured light interception of 41%, 59%, 76%, and 94% and A. palmeri thinned to 0.6 or 3.1 plants m−2 or a nontreated weed-free check; and the second factor included shade cloth or A. palmeri removal timing at 6 or 10 wk after planting (WAP). Amaranthus palmeri light interception peaked around 710 to 840 growing degree days (base 10 C) (6 to 7 WAP) with a maximum light interception of 67% and 84% for the 0.6 and 3.1 plants m−2 densities, respectively. Increasing shade cloth light interception by 1% linearly increased yield loss by 1% for No. 1, jumbo, and total yield. Yield loss increased by 36%, 23%, and 35% as shade cloth removal was delayed from 6 to 10 WAP for No. 1, jumbo, and total yield, respectively. F-tests comparing reduced versus full models of yield loss provided no evidence that the presence of yield loss from A. palmeri light interception caused yield loss different than that explained by the shade cloth at similar light-interception levels. Results indicate that shade cloth structures could be used to simulate Covington sweetpotato yield loss from A. palmeri competition, and light interception could be used as a predictor for expected yield loss from A. palmeri competition.

Keywords

Light competitionlight interception
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 69 , Issue 4 , July 2021 , pp. 478 - 484
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Martin M. Williams II, USDA–ARS

References

Barkley, SL, Chaudhari, S, Jennings, KM, Schultheis, JR, Meyers, SL, Monks, DW (2016) Fomesafen programs for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control in sweetpotato. Weed Technol 30:506–515 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basinger, NT, Jennings, KM, Monks, DW, Jordan, DL, Everman, WJ, Hestir, EL, Waldschmidt, MD, Smith, SC, Brownie, C (2019) Interspecific and intraspecific interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) in sweetpotato. Weed Sci 67:426–432 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehleringer, J (1983) Ecophysiology of Amaranthus palmeri, a Sonoran Desert summer annual. Oecologia 57:107–112 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guo, PG, Al-Khatib, K (2003) Temperature effects on germination and growth of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (A. palmeri), and common waterhemp (A. rudis). Weed Sci 51:869–875 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, HF, Jackson, DM (2011) Response of two sweet potato cultivars to weed interference. Crop Prot 30:1291–1296 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2020) The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database. https://weedscience.org. Accessed: December 17, 2020Google Scholar
Horak, MJ, Loughin, TM (2000) Growth analysis of four Amaranthus species. Weed Sci 48:347–355 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keeley, PE, Carter, CH, Thullen, RJ (1987) Influence of planting date on growth of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). Weed Sci 35:199–204 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kemble, JM, Meadows, IM, Jennings, KM, Walgenbach, JF (2019) 2020 Southeastern U.S. Vegetable Crop Handbook. Raleigh: NC State Extension. https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/southeastern-us-vegetable-crop-handbook. Accessed: December 17, 2020Google Scholar
La Bonte, DR, Harrison, HF, Motsenbocker, CE (1999) Sweetpotato clone tolerance to weed interference. HortScience 34:229–232 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyers, SL, Jennings, KM, Schultheis, JR, Monks, DW (2010) Interference of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in sweetpotato. Weed Sci 58:199–203 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyers, SL, Shankle, MW (2015) Interference of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) in ‘Beauregard’ sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). Weed Technol 29:854–860 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nedunchezhiyan, M, Naskar, SK, Byju, G (2008) Performance of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) varieties under shaded and open field conditions. Indian J Agric Sci 78:974–977 Google Scholar
[NCDACS] North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (2015) Research Stations Annual Report 2015. http://www.ncagr.gov/Research/documents/2015_Annual_Report_000.pdf. Accessed: December 17, 2020Google Scholar
Oswald, A, Alkamper, J, Midmore, DJ (1995) The effect of different shade levels on growth and tuber yield of sweet potato: II. J Agron Crop Sci 175:29–40 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Page, ER, Tollenaar, M, Lee, EA, Lukens, L, Swanton, CJ (2010) Shade avoidance: an integral component of crop-weed competition. Weed Res 50:281–288 Google Scholar
Pardales, JR, Yamauchi, A (2003) Regulation of root development in sweetpotato and cassava by soil moisture during their establishment period. Plant Soil 255:201–208 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawlings, JO, Pantula, SG, Dickey, DA (1998) Applied Regression Analysis: A Research Tool. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag. Pp 126–129 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritz, C, Kniss, AR, Streibig, JC (2015) Research methods in weed science: statistics. Weed Sci 63(SP1):166–187 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sellers, BA, Smeda, RJ, Johnson, WG, Kendig, JA, Ellersieck, MR (2003) Comparative growth of six Amaranthus species in Missouri. Weed Sci 51:329–333 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Semidey, N, Liu, LC, Ortiz, FH (1987) Competition of pigweed (Amaranth dubius) with sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). J Agric Univ Puerto Rico 71:7–11 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, SC, Jennings, KM, Monks, DW, Chaudhari, S, Schultheis, JF, Reberg-Horton, SC (2020) Critical timing of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) removal in sweetpotato. Weed Technol 34: 547–551 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoller, EW, Woolley, JT (1985) Competition for light by broadleaf weeds in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci 33:199–202 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture (2005) United States Standards for Grades of Sweet Potatoes. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1 pGoogle Scholar
[USDA-NASS] U.S. Department of Agriculture–National Agriculture Statistics Service (2020) Quick stats. https://www.quickstats.nass.usda.gov. Accessed: December 10, 2020Google Scholar
Ward, SM, Webster, TM, Steckel, LE (2013) Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri): a review. Weed Technol 27:12–27 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, TM (2010) Weed survey—southern states: vegetable, fruit, and nut subsection. Pages 246–257 in Proceedings of the Southern Weed Science Society. Westminster, CO: Southern Weed Science SocietyGoogle Scholar
Yencho, GC, Pecota, KV, Schultheis, JR, VanEsbroeck, Z-P, Holmes, GJ, Little, BE, Thornton, AC, Truong, VD (2008) ‘Covington’ sweetpotato. HortScience 43:1911–1914 CrossRefGoogle Scholar