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Effects of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) on Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Status of Transplanted Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Prasanta C. Bhowmik  and
Krishna N. Reddy
Prasanta C. Bhowmik
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
Krishna N. Reddy
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted to determine the effects of various barnyardgrass populations on growth, yield, and nutrient concentration of transplanted “Jetstar’ tomato. Barnyardgrass densities at 16, 32, and 64 plants/m tomato row were tested in 1982 and 1983. Barnyardgrass shoot fresh weights/unit area increased as density increased. Fresh weight of barnyardgrass shoots ranged from 17 100 kg/ha at 16 plants/m of row to 35 500 kg/ha at 64 plants/m of row. At the vegetative stage, tomato shoot dry weight was unaffected by barnyardgrass. As crop growth progressed, tomato shoot dry weight decreased at all barnyardgrass densities. Season-long interference of barnyardgrass reduced marketable tomato fruit number and fruit weight at all densities compared to weed-free plots. Reductions in marketable fruit weight ranged from 26% to 16 plants/m row to 84% at 64 plants/m row. In 1982, concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in tomato shoots were unaffected by season-long interference of barnyardgrass at all densities. However, in 1983, concentrations of N and K decreased and concentration of P increased in tomato leaves as the density of barnyardgrass increased. Concentrations of Ca and Mg in tomato leaves were unaltered by barnyardgrass density.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGtomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Jetstar’Competitiondensity effectinterferenceECHCG
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 6 , November 1988 , pp. 775 - 778
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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