Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T23:22:08.857Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of 2,4,5-T, Triclopyr, and 3,6-Dichloropicolinic Acid on Crop Seedlings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

R. W. Bovey  and
R. E. Meyer
R. W. Bovey
Affiliation:
Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Dep. Range Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843
R. E. Meyer
Affiliation:
Agric. Res., Sci. Ed. Admin., U.S. Dep. Agric., Dep. Range Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Triclopyr {[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid}, 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], and 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid were applied to the foliage of juvenile crop plants at 0.002, 0.009, 0.03, 0.14, and 0.56 kg/ha. Corn (Zea mays L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L.) were generally more tolerant to the herbicides than were peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). Triclopyr was usually more phytotoxic to corn, oat, grain sorghum, and kleingrass than either 2,4,5-T or 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid at 0.14 and 0.56 kg/ha, but few differences occurred among herbicides at lower rates. Kleingrass was not affected at any rate of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid. Wheat tolerated most rates of all three herbicides. At 0.56 kg/ha, triclopyr and 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid caused greater injury to peanuts than did 2,4,5-T; whereas, 2,4,5-T and triclopyr were more damaging to cotton and cucumber than 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid. The three herbicides at 0.14 and 0.56 kg/ha killed soybeans. Soybean injury varied from none to severe at 0.002 to 0.03 kg/ha, depending upon species investigated, but many plants showed morphological symptoms typical of the auxin-type herbicides.

Keywords

Sublethal ratesdriftauxin-type herbicidesmorphological abnormalitiesgrowth inhibition
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , May 1981 , pp. 256 - 261
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Behrens, R., Hall, W. C., and Fisher, C. E. 1955. Field responses of cotton to four phenoxy-type herbicides. Proc. South. Weed Conf. 8:72–75.Google Scholar
2. Bouse, L. F. and Bovey, R. W. 1967. A laboratory sprayer for potted plants. Weeds 15:89–91.Google Scholar
3. Bovey, R. W. 1971. Hormone-like herbicides in weed control. Econ. Bot. 25:385–400.Google Scholar
4. Bovey, R. W., Ketchersid, M. L., and Merkle, M. G. 1979. Distribution of triclopyr and picloram in huisache (Acacia farnesiana . Weed Sci. 27:527–531.Google Scholar
5. Bovey, R. W., Meyer, R. E., and Baur, J. R. 1980. Potential herbicides for brush control. J. Range Manage. (In press).Google Scholar
6. Bovey, R. W. and Scifres, C. J. 1971. Residual characteristics of picloram in grassland ecosystems. Texas Agric. Expt. Stn. B-1111. 24 p.Google Scholar
7. Darwent, A. L., Elliott, C. R., and Clark, J. M. 1977. Effects of 2,4-D, dicamba and 2,4,5-T on creeping red fescue seed production. Can. J. Plant Sci. 57:451–456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Flinchum, W. T., Westfall, D. G., and Stansel, J. W. 1973. Effects of phenoxy herbicides on yield of first and second crop rice. Texas Agric. Expt. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3 pp.Google Scholar
9. Goodman, V. H., Ennis, W. B. Jr., and Palmer, R. D. 1955. Cotton responses to 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, MCPA and related growth regulators. Proc. South. Weed Conf. 8:76–81.Google Scholar
10. Herbicide Handbook Committee. 1979. Herbicide Handbook – Weed Sci. Soc. Am. (4th Ed.). 479 pp.Google Scholar
11. Jacoby, P. W. Jr. and Meadors, C. H. 1978. Relative effectiveness of aerially applied herbicides on honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa . Abst. Proc. Soc. Range Manage. 31:51.Google Scholar
12. Jacoby, P. W. Jr., Meadors, C. H., and Foster, M. A. 1979. Relative effectiveness of ester and amine formulations of triclopyr for control of honey mesquite [Prosopis juliflora var. glandulosa (Torr.) Cockerell]. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. No. 115. p. 56.Google Scholar
13. Kaufman, P. B. and Crafts, A. S. 1956. Responses of the rice plant to different formulations and methods of application of 2,4-D, MCPA and 2,4,5-T. Hilgardia 24:411–453.Google Scholar
14. Keys, C. H. 1975. Evaluation of Dowco 290 for the control of annual and perennial weeds. Down Earth 31(1): 1–7.Google Scholar
15. Klingman, D. L. 1953. Effects of varying rates of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T at different stages of growth on winter wheat. Agron. J. 45:606–610.Google Scholar
16. Martin, J. A. and Fletcher, J. T. 1972. The effects of sublethal dose of various herbicides on lettuce. Weed Res. 12:268–271.Google Scholar
17. Miller, J. H., Kempen, H. M., Wilkerson, J. A., and Foy, C. J. 1963. Response of cotton to 2,4-D and related herbicides. USDA, ARS, Tech. Bull. No. 1289. 28 pp.Google Scholar
18. Pik, A. J., Peake, E., Strosher, M. T., and Hodgson, G. W. 1977. Fate of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid in soils. Agric. Food Chem. 25:1054–1061.Google Scholar
19. Rohman, A. and Corns, W. G. 1970. Response of winter rye to application of 2,4-D and picloram at various growth stages. Can. J. Plant Sci. 50:600–602.Google Scholar
20. Rutherford, G. R. and Lobb, P. G. 1979. The use of 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid mixtures for broadleaf weed control in cereal crops. Proc. New Zealand Weed and Pest Conf. 32:139–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Smith, D. T. and Wiese, A. F. 1972. Cotton response to low rates of 2,4-D and other herbicides. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. B-1120. 8 pp.Google Scholar
22. Steel, R. G. and Torrie, J. H. 1960. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., NY. 481 pp.Google Scholar
23. Watson, A. J. 1955. The response of cotton to low rates of 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, MCPA and silvex. Proc. South. Weed Conf. 8:82–86.Google Scholar
24. Whitehead, C. W. and Switzer, C. M. 1963. The differential response of strains of wild carrot to 2,4-D and related substances. Can. J. Plant Sci. 43:255–262.Google Scholar
25. Whitesides, R. E. and Appleby, A. P. 1979. Dowco 290 herbicide for selective control of Canada thistle in peppermint. Down Earth 35(2):14–18.Google Scholar