Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T23:22:32.638Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effectiveness of Starch Xanthide Formulations of Chloramben for Weed Control in Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Victor Raboy  and
Herbert J. Hopen
Victor Raboy
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 68101
Herbert J. Hopen
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 68101
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The persistence and effectiveness in pumpkin [Cucurbita moschata (Puch.) Poir.] weed control of several starch xanthide (SX) and commercial formulations of the ammonium (NH3) salt and methyl (CH3) ester of chloramben (3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid) were studied in the laboratory and field. The soluble concentrate (SC) of chloramben NH3 salt and the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) of chloramben CH3 ester controlled weeds throughout the growing season on a silt loam soil. SC chloramben NH3 salt was not effective, and EC chloramben CH3 ester was inconsistent in weed control on sandy soil. Manipulation of the SX formulation produced products with slow, uniform release rates. The release rates (crosslinking reagent in parenthesis) rank as follows, from fastest to slowest: SX(Ca2+) CH3 ester = SX(H2O2) acid > SX(H2O2) CH3 ester > SX(Fe3+) acid > SX(Fe3+) CH3 ester. In trials on silt loam and sand, SX formulations did not control weeds better than EC chloramben CH3 ester.

Keywords

Controlled releasecucumber root assaycucurbitpersistence
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , March 1982 , pp. 169 - 174
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Baker, R. S. and Warren, G. F. 1962. Selective herbicidal action of amiben on cucumber and squash. Weeds 10:219–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Baur, J. R. 1980. Release characteristics of starch xanthide herbicide formulations. J. Environ. Qual. 9:379–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Cardarelli, N. 1976. Controlled Release Pesticides Formulations. CRC Press, Inc., Cleveland, OH. 210 pp.Google Scholar
4. Coffman, C. B. and Gentner, W. A. 1980. Persistence of several controlled release formulations of trifluralin in greenhouse and field. Weed Sci. 28:21–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Coop. Ext. Serv. 1981. Herbicide Guide for Commercial Vegetable Growers, Coop. Ext. Serv. Cir. 907, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL. 6 pp.Google Scholar
6. Doane, W. M., Shasha, B. S., and Russell, C. R. 1977. Encapsulation of pesticides within a starch matrix. Pages 74–83 in Scher, H. B., ed. ACS Symp. Series No. 53, Controlled Released Pesticides. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
7. Eshel, Y. and Warren, G. F. 1967. A simplified method for determining phytotoxicity, leaching, and adsorption of herbicides in soils. Weeds 15:115–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Foley, M. E. and Wax, L. M. 1980. Effects of starch xanthate and sludge polymer on the initial activity with delayed incorporation, residual activity, and crop safety of several herbicides. Weed Sci. 28:626–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Isensee, A. R., Plimmer, J. R., and Turner, B. C. 1969. Effect of light on the herbicidal activity of some amiben derivatives. Weed Sci. 17:520–523.Google Scholar
10. McLane, S. R. and Parkins, M. D. 1966. Biological and physical attributes of several amiben derivatives. Proc. 8th Br. Weed Control Conf. 8:283–290.Google Scholar
11. Schreiber, M. M., Shasha, B. S., Ross, M. A., Orwick, P. L., and Edgecomb, D. W. Jr. 1978. Efficacy and rate of release of EPTC and butylate from starch encapsulated formulations under greenhouse conditions. Weed Sci. 26:679–686.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Schreiber, M. M. and White, M. D. 1980. Granule structure and rate of release with starch-encapsulated thiocarbamates. Weed Sci. 28:685–690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Shasha, B. S., Doane, W. M., and Russell, C. R. 1976. Starch-encapsulated pesticides for slow release. J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Letters Ed. 14:417–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H. 1960. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York. 481 pp.Google Scholar
15. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 1979. Herbicide Handbook, 4th Ed., Champaign, IL. 479 pp.Google Scholar
16. Wildung, R. E., Chesters, G., and Armstrong, D. E. 1968. Chloramben (amiben) degradation in soil. Weed Res. 8:213–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar