Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T03:31:24.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effect of Field Application of Growth Regulators on Secondary Dormancy of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) Seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Cyrus Samimy
Affiliation:
Dep. Seed Vegetable Sci., New York State Agric. Exp. Stn., Cornell Univ., Geneva, NY 14456
Anwar A. Khan
Affiliation:
Dep. Seed Vegetable Sci., New York State Agric. Exp. Stn., Cornell Univ., Geneva, NY 14456

Abstract

Winter chilling in the field removed the primary dormancy in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) seeds and allowed them to germinate in both light and darkness. A secondary dormancy was induced in the spring and seeds again failed to germinate in light or darkness. Kinetin (K) + ethephon (E) + gibberellin A4 + A7 (GA4+7) applied to the soil in December prevented secondary dormancy. The following May only 20% of the seeds at the 15-cm depth remained viable. The rest had germinated or decayed. In contrast, 89% of the untreated seeds remained viable. Application of K + E + GA4+7 on April 22 and May 2 also broke the secondary dormancy. Gibberellin A3 (GA3) was less effective than GA4+7 in preventing or breaking secondary dormancy.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Bewley, J. D. 1980. Secondary dormancy (skotodormancy) in seeds of lettuce (Lactua sativa cv., Grand Rapids) and its release by light, gibberellic acid and benzyladenine. Physiol. Plant. 49:277280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Braun, J. and Khan, A. A. 1976. Alleviation of salinity and high temperature stress by plant growth regulators permeated into lettuce. seeds via acetone. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 101:716721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Eplee, R. E. 1975. Ethylene: a witchweed seed germination stimulant. Weed Sci. 23:433436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Hadas, A. 1977. A simple laboratory approach to test and estimate seed germination performance under field conditions. Agron. J. 69:582585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Holm, R. E. and Miller, M. R. 1972. Hormonal control of weed seed germination. Weed Sci. 20:209212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Johnson, A. W., Roseberry, G., and Parker, C. 1976. A novel approach to striga and Orobanche control using synthetic stimulants. Weed Res. 16:223227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Karssen, C. M. 1980/81. Patterns of change in dormancy during burial of seeds in soil. Isr. J. Bot. 29:6573.Google Scholar
8. Khan, A.A. 1980/81. Hormonal regulation of primary and secondary seed dormancy. Isr. J. Bot. 29:207224.Google Scholar
9. Khan, A. A. and Karssen, C. M. 1980. Induction of secondary dormancy in Chenopodium bonus-henricus L. seeds by osmotic and high temperature treatments and its prevention by light and growth regulators. Plant Physiol. 66:175181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Khan, A. A. and Samimy, C. 1982. Hormones in relation to primary and secondary seed dormancy. Pages 203241. In Khan, A. A., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination, 2nd ed., Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
11. Muenscher, W. C. 1962. Weeds. The Macmillan Company, New York. 560.Google Scholar
12. Roberts, H. A. and Ricketts, M. E. 1979. Quantitative relationships between the weed flora after cultivation and the seed population in the soil. Weed Res. 19:269275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Samimy, C. and Khan, A. A. 1983. Secondary dormancy, growth regulator effects and embryo growth potential in curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) seeds. Weed Sci. 31: (In press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Schoenbeck, M. W. and Egley, G. H. 1981. Phase sequence of redroot pigweed seed germination response to ethylene and other stimuli. Plant Physiol. 68:175179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Taylorson, R. B. 1972. Phytochrome controlled changes in dormancy and germination of buried weed seeds. Weed Sci. 20:417422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Taylorson, R. B. and Hendricks, S. B. 1976. Interactions of phytochrome and exogenous gibberellic acid on germination of Lamium amplexicule L. seeds. Planta 132:6570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Woolley, J. T. and Stoller, E. W. 1978. Light penetration and light-induced seed germination in soil. Plant Physiol. 61:597600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed