Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T01:52:39.339Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Diphenamid Metabolism in Pepper and an Ozone Effect. I. Absorption, Translocation, and the Extent of Metabolism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Richard H. Hodgson
Affiliation:
Metabolism and Radiation Res. Lab., North Central Region, Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Fargo, ND 58102
Barry L. Hoffer
Affiliation:
Metabolism and Radiation Res. Lab., North Central Region, Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Fargo, ND 58102

Abstract

Nutrient-solution-grown pepper (Capsicum frutescens L. ‘Early Calwonder’) absorbed 62% of the diphenamid (N,N-dimethyl-2-2-diphenylacetamide) supplied via the roots for 48 h, and 74% in 150 h. Extensive translocation accompanied absorption, and 70 ± 3% of the absorbed 14C was present in shoots of plants harvested after 24- to 150-h treatments. Diphenamid was metabolized rapidly to chloroform-soluble and water-soluble compounds, and to unextracted residues. Chloroform-soluble compounds persisted for 150 h and accounted for more than 50% of the 14C in leaves. Water-soluble compounds other than N-hydroxymethyl-β-D-glycosides accounted for 25% of the water-soluble metabolites in leaves of nonfumigated plants. Ozone fumigation did not affect diphenamid absorption or translocation significantly. In leaves, ozone-enhanced accumulation of water-soluble metabolites more polar than N-hydroxymethyl-N-methyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide-β-D-glucoside (MDAG) and unextracted residues was observed. Ozone fumigation reduced the accumulation of these 14C-fractions in roots.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1977 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Blankendaal, M., Hodgson, R.H., Davis, D.G., Hoerauf, R.A., and Shimabukuro, R.H. 1972. Growing plants without soil for experimental use. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Misc. Publ. 1251. 17 pp.Google Scholar
2. Bligh, E.G. and Dyer, W.J. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37:911917.Google Scholar
3. Davidson, J.D. and Oliverio, V.T. 1967. Tritium and carbon 14 by oxygen flask combustion. Atomlight No. 60:110.Google Scholar
4. Frear, D.S., Swanson, H.R., and Tanaka, F.S. 1969. N-demethylation of substituted 3-(phenyl)-1-methylureas: Isolation and characterization of a microsomal mixed function oxidase from cotton. Phytochemistry 8:21572169.Google Scholar
5. Golab, T., Herberg, R.J., Parka, S.J., and Tepe, J.B. 1966. The metabolism of carbon-14 diphenamid in strawberry plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 14:592596.Google Scholar
6. Heck, W.W., Dunning, J.A., and Johnson, H. 1968. Design of a simple plant exposure chamber. Nat. Center Air Pollut. Contr. Publ. APTD-68-6. 24 pp.Google Scholar
7. Hill, A.C., Pack, M.R., Treshow, M., Downs, R.J., and Transtrum, L.G. 1961. Plant injury induced by ozone. Phytopathology 51:356363.Google Scholar
8. Hodgson, R.H., Dusbabek, K.E., and Hoffer, B.L. 1974. Diphenamid metabolism in tomato: Time course of an ozone fumigation effect. Weed Sci. 22:205210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Hodgson, R.H., Frear, D.S., Swanson, H.R., and Regan, L.A. 1973. Alteration of diphenamid metabolism in tomato by ozone. Weed Sci. 21:542549.Google Scholar
10. Hodgson, R.H. and Hoffer, B.L. 1976. Diphenamid metabolism in pepper and an ozone fumigation effect. II. Herbicide metabolite characterization. Weed Sci. 25:331337.Google Scholar
11. Krzeminski, L.F., Cox, B.L., and Neff, A.W. 1972. Separation and identification of carbon-14 diphenamid metabolites using chromatographic techniques. Anal. Chem. 44:126130.Google Scholar
12. Lemin, A.J. 1966. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of diphenamid-1-14C by tomato seedlings. J. Agric. Food Chem. 14:109111.Google Scholar
13. Marx, J.L. 1975. Air Pollution: Effects on plants. Science 187:731733.Google Scholar
14. Rich, S. 1964. Ozone damage to plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 2:253266.Google Scholar
15. Schultz, D.P. and Tweedy, B.G. 1971. Uptake and metabolism of N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide in resistant and susceptible plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 19:3640.Google Scholar
16. Schultz, D.P. and Tweedy, B.G. 1972. The effect of light and humidity on absorption and degradation of diphenamid in tomatoes. J. Agric. Food Chem. 20:1013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed