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Competition for Light by Broadleaf Weeds in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Edward W. Stoller  and
Joseph T. Woolley
Edward W. Stoller
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Agron. Dep., 1102 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
Joseph T. Woolley
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Agron. Dep., 1102 South Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

Common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr. ♯ XANPE), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯ ABUTH), and jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L. ♯ DATST) are weeds that grow taller than soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and compete for limited resources such as light. These weeds have an average area of influence of 0.5 m2, thus a density of 1 to 2 plants/m2 forms a full canopy of weed leaves above the soybeans that intercept 44 to 56% of the sunlight. Shade of 44 to 56% without weeds, placed above soybeans late in the season corresponding to times of weed shading, reduced soybean yield 19 to 26%. Since reported soybean yield reductions at weed densities of 0.7 to 2.5 plants/m2 were 18 to 54% for common cocklebur and 12 to 31% for jimsonweed and velvedeaf, it was concluded that most of the interference from jimsonweed and velvetleaf infestations in soybeans could be ascribed to competition for light, but only about one-half the interference was due to competition for light for common cocklebur. Soybean photosynthesis in the field was reduced about twice as much as soybean yield at equivalent levels of shading.

Keywords

Xanthium pensylvanicumDatura stramoniumAbutilon theophrastiinterferencephotosynthesisshadeXANPEDATSTABUTH
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , March 1985 , pp. 199 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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