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Bioavailability of Aminocyclopyrachlor and Triclopyr plus Clopyralid from Turfgrass Clippings in Aquatic and Riparian Plants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dustin F. Lewis ,
Robert J. Richardson ,
Fred H. Yelverton  and
Thomas R. Wentworth
Dustin F. Lewis*
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Robert J. Richardson
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Fred H. Yelverton
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Thomas R. Wentworth
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Synthetic auxin herbicides are widely utilized in golf course settings for selective broadleaf weed control. Aminocyclopyrachlor (AMCP) is a newly registered pyrimidine carboxylic acid with similar chemical mode-of-action and structure to triclopyr (TRIC) and clopyralid (CLPY). Off-target injury on terrestrial plants has been documented following exposure to turfgrass clippings previously treated with TRIC and CLPY. Management practices on golf courses can distribute turfgrass clippings into water bodies; however, research has not evaluated the bioavailability of synthetic auxin residues from turfgrass clippings to aquatic and riparian plants within these environments. A bioassay study was conducted to determine the response of alligatorweed and parrotfeather to tall fescue clippings previously treated with synthetic auxin herbicides. Previously treated AMCP and TRIC + CLPY clippings were placed into growth containers mimicking a lentic system containing both alligatorweed and parrotfeather. Results indicated all herbicide treated clippings induced significant growth responses to alligatorweed and parrotfeather growth compared to a nontreated mulch and nontreated control. Alligatorweed control was greater from AMCP clippings treated 14, 7, 3, and 1 DBCC (49, 60, 90, and 80%, respectively) than comparative TRIC + CLPY clippings (33, 25, 37, and 64%, respectively) at 10 weeks after treatment (WAT). Parrotfeather control was greater from AMCP clippings (57 to 87%) than TRIC + CLPY clippings (9 to 63%) collected from all days before clipping collection (DBCC) timings when evaluated 6 WAT. At 10 WAT, greater parrotfeather control and shoot reduction was observed from AMCP than TRIC + CLPY clippings when treated 14, 7, and 3 DBCC. Based on these data, synthetic auxin residues can become bioavailable to aquatic and riparian plants within aqueous environments.

Keywords

Aminocyclopyrachlorclopyralidtriclopyralligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Grisebparrotfeather, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdctall fescue, Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. DarbyshireOff-target movement
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 594 - 600
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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