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Behavior of sulfentrazone in ionic exchange resins, electrophoresis gels, and cation-saturated soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Timothy L. Grey ,
Robert H. Walker ,
Glenn R. Wehtje ,
James Adams Jr. ,
Franck E. Dayan ,
John D. Weete ,
H. Gary Hancock  and
Ohyun Kwon
Robert H. Walker
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
James Adams Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Franck E. Dayan
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Products Utilization Research Unit, University of Mississippi, Stoneville, MS 38667
John D. Weete
Affiliation:
West Virginia University, 886 Chestnut Ridge Rd., P.O. Box 6216, Morgantown, WV 26506
H. Gary Hancock
Affiliation:
FMC Corporation, 832 Barnes Mill Rd., Hamilton, GA 31811
Ohyun Kwon
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
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Abstract

Sulfentrazone persistence in soil requires many crop rotational restrictions. The sorption and mobility of sulfentrazone play an important role in its soil persistence. Thus, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to mimic the soil properties of cation and anion exchange with different intermediates. The molecular characterization and ionization shift of sulfentrazone from a neutral molecule to an anion were determined using a three-dimensional graphing technique and titration curve, respectively. Sorption and mobility of 2.6 × 10−5 M 14C-sulfentrazone were evaluated using a soil solution technique with ion exchange resins and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Solution pH ranged from 4.0 to 7.4. As pH increased, sulfentrazone sorption to an anion resin increased and its sorption to a cation resin decreased. Percent sulfentrazone in solution was pH-dependent and ranged between 0 to 18% and 54 to 88% for the anion and cation resins, respectively. Mobility of sulfentrazone on a 20% polyacryalmide gel resulted in Rf values of +0.02 and +0.39 for pH of 4.0 and 7.4, respectively. A double peak for sulfentrazone was detected in the polyacrylamide gel when the pH (6.0 and 6.8) was near the reported pKa of 6.56. There was no clear interaction for the sorption of sulfentrazone at 1.0 mg kg−1 to Congaree loamy sand or Decatur silty clay loam saturated with either calcium or potassium. Sulfentrazone behavior with the polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels and ion resins indicate the potential for this herbicide to occur as a polar or Zwitter ion. Sulfentrazone was adsorbed by potassium, calcium, and sodium saturated resins and subsequently desorbed using variable pH solutions. The level of sulfentrazone adsorption will vary among soil types and the amount of desorption into solution may be soil cation-dependent.

Keywords

SulfentrazoneTitrationsorptionherbicide ionizationpKapesticide leachingretention factormobility
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 48 , Issue 2 , April 2000 , pp. 239 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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