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Uptake, Translocation, and Metabolism of Thiobencarb in Two Lettuce, Lactuca sativa, Cultivars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Stephen Reiners ,
Stanley F. Gorski  and
J. J. Victor Desouza
Stephen Reiners
Affiliation:
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210
Stanley F. Gorski
Affiliation:
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210
J. J. Victor Desouza
Affiliation:
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210
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Abstract

Two lettuce cultivars exhibiting differential levels of tolerance to thiobencarb in soil and nutrient solution assays were examined. Seedlings of ‘Dark Green Boston’ (BOS), a susceptible cultivar, were found to show significant inhibitions in foliar growth compared to the tolerant ‘Great Lakes 366’ (GLA). Reductions of 57% occurred in BOS leaf dry weights at rates of 3 μM thiobencarb as soon as 4 days after treatment. In addition, growth abnormalities including fused leaves were observed in the BOS cultivar, indicating inhibition early in leaf development at the meristem. Twenty-nine and 22% of applied 14C-thiobencarb was absorbed from nutrient solution by BOS and GLA, respectively. This difference is probably due to BOS having a 50% greater root system at the time of treatment. Greater absorption and accumulation of radioactivity in the leaves, as well as significantly greater amounts of parent 14C-thiobencarb in the foliage of BOS compared to GLA (30 and 19%, respectively) may account for the selectivity observed. Metabolism of 14C-thiobencarb occurred within 1 day in both cultivars, with the apparent production of herbicide conjugates accounting for more than 90% of the extracted radiolabel 12 days after treatment. A thiobencarb sulfoxide metabolite was not identified in these studies, indicating sulfoxide production is not a mechanism of selectivity in lettuce.

Keywords

Lettuce, Lactuca sativa L. ‘Dark Green Boston’, ‘Great Lakes 366’ thiobencarb, S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl] diethylcarbamothioateHerbicide movementsulfoxidesthiocarbamates
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 5 , September 1988 , pp. 553 - 557
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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