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Soil characteristics and water potential effects on plant-available clomazone in rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Do-Jin Lee ,
Scott A. Senseman ,
John H. O'Barr ,
James M. Chandler ,
L. Jason Krutz ,
Garry N. McCauley  and
Yong In Kuk
Do-Jin Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, 315 Maegok-dong, Suncheon 540-742, South Korea
John H. O'Barr
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
James M. Chandler
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
L. Jason Krutz
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
Garry N. McCauley
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Box 717, Eagle Lake, TX 77534
Yong In Kuk
Affiliation:
Biotechnology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
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Abstract

Clomazone has been successfully used for weed control in rice, but crop injury is a potential problem on light-textured soils. Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of soil characteristics and water potential on plant-available clomazone and rice injury. A centrifugal double-tube technique was used to determine plant-available concentration in soil solution (ACSS), total amount available in soil solution (TASS), and Kd values for clomazone on four soils at four water potentials. A rice bioassay was conducted parallel to the plant-available study to correlate biological availability to ACSS, TASS, and Kd. TASS was significantly different in all soils. The order of increasing TASS for the soils studied was Morey < Edna < Nada < Crowley, which correlated well with soil characteristics. The order of increasing TASS after equilibrium was − 90 < − 75 < − 33 < 0 kPa. TASS values at 0 kPa were greater than two times the TASS values at − 90 kPa. It appears that severe rice injury from clomazone on these soils could occur if TASS > 110 ng g−1 and Kd < 1.1 ml g−1. We propose that the double-tube technique provides a more accurate estimate of available herbicide because the solution–soil ratios are < 0.33:1 and would be more representative of a plant root–herbicide relationship. This technique or some variation possibly could be further developed such that clomazone rates could be more clearly defined particularly on lighter-textured soils. TASS may be a better predictor of plant-available herbicide than ACSS when evaluating moderately to highly water-soluble herbicides in a nonsaturated soil environment.

Keywords

ClomazoneAdsorptionchlorophyll contentKdwater potential
Type
Soil, Air and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 310 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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