Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-19T06:16:31.644Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seed germination of common weed species as affected by oxygen concentration, light, and osmotic potential

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Nathan Boyd  and
Rene Van Acker
Rene Van Acker
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of oxygen concentration (21, 10, 5, and 2.5%), exposure to light, and osmotic potential on the germination of wheat, canola, and various weed species. Germination of most species increased as osmotic potential was increased. Seed germination for some species like barnyardgrass was inhibited by the combination of exposure to normoxic (21% oxygen) conditions and light. This combination of conditions may function as a signal to prevent soil surface germination. Wild mustard germination increased with increasing oxygen concentration when seeds were not exposed to light, whereas green foxtail germination was relatively insensitive to oxygen concentration. Wild oat germination increased with increasing osmotic potential, and osmotic potential had a greater influence when the seeds were exposed to light. Dandelion, foxtail barley, curly dock, and perennial sowthistle germination was affected more by osmotic potential and light exposure than by oxygen concentration. A better understanding of the mechanisms of depth detection for specific species will lead to a better understanding of their recruitment biology. This information may help model the potential for invasion and proliferation of each species as well as devise improved management strategies.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli L. ECHCGcatchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine L. GALAPcurly dock, Rumex crispus L. RUMCRdandelion, Taraxacum officinale Weber TAROFfoxtail barley, Hordeum jubatum L. HORJUgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. SETVIperennial sowthistle, Sonchus arvensis L. SONARwild mustard, Brassica kaber (D.C.) L. C. Wheeler SINARwild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFAcanola, Brassic napus L. ‘Liberty’spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘AC Barrie’Hypoxiaphotoinductionweed germination
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 4 , August 2004 , pp. 589 - 596
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Al-Ani, A., Bruzau, F., Raymond, P., Saint-Ges, V., LeBlanc, M., and Pradet, A. 1985. Germination, respiration, and adenylate energy charge of seeds at various oxygen partial pressures. Plant Physiol 79:885–890.Google Scholar
Benvenuti, S. 1995. Soil light penetration and dormancy of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) seeds. Weed Sci 43:389–393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benvenuti, S. and Macchia, M. 1995. Effect of hypoxia on buried weed seed germination. Weed Res 35:343–351.Google Scholar
Benvenuti, S. and Macchia, M. 1997. Germination ecophysiology of bur beggarticks (Bidens tripartite) as affected by light and oxygen. Weed Sci 45:696–700.Google Scholar
Best, K. F., Banting, J. D., and Bowes, G. G. 1978. The biology of Canadian weeds. 31. Hordeum jubatum L. Can. J. Plant Sci 58:699–708.Google Scholar
Blackshaw, R. E., Stobbe, E. H., Shaykewich, C. F., and Woodbury, W. 1981. Influence of soil temperature and soil moisture on green foxtail (Setaria viridis) establishment in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci 29:179–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drew, M. C. 1992. Soil aeration and plant root metabolism. Science 154:259–264.Google Scholar
du Croix Sisson, M. J., Van Acker, R. C., Derksen, D. A., and Thomas, A. G. 2000. Depth of seedling recruitment of five weed species measured in situ in conventional and zero-tillage fields. Weed Sci 48:327–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forcella, F. R. G. and Decker, W. J. 1997. Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt. Weed Sci 45:67–76.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D. S. H. 1984. The effects of seed burial and soil disturbance on emergence and survival of arable weeds in relation to minimal cultivation. J. Appl. Ecol 21:629–641.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallagher, R. S. and Cardina, J. 1997. Soil water thresholds for photoinduction of redroot pigweed germination. Weed Sci 45:414–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutterman, Y., Corbineau, F., and Come, D. 1992. Interrelated effects of temperature, light and oxygen on Amaranthus caudatua L. seed germination. Weed Res 32:111–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazebroek, J. P. and Metzger, J. D. 1990. Environmental control of seed germination in Thlaspi arvense (Cruciferae). Am. J. Bot 77:945–953.Google Scholar
Hodgson, A. S. and Macleod, D. A. 1989. Oxygen flux, air-filled porosity, and bulk density as indices of vertisol structure. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J 53:540–543.Google Scholar
Holm, R. E. 1972. Volatile metabolites controlling germination in buried weed seeds. Plant Physiol 50:293–297.Google Scholar
Hou, J. Q. and Simpson, G. M. 1990. Phytochrome action and water status in seed germination of wild oats (Avena fatua). Can. J. Bot 68:1722–1723.Google Scholar
Hou, J. Q. and Simpson, G. M. 1991. Effects of prolonged light on germination of six lines of wild oat (Avena fatua). Can. J. Bot 69:1414–1417.Google Scholar
Hou, J. Q. and Simpson, G. M. 1993. Germination response to phytochrome depends on specific dormancy states in wild oat (Avena fatua). Can. J. Bot 71:1528–1532.Google Scholar
Hsiao, A. I. and Simpson, G. M. 1971. Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 7. The effects of light and variation in water regime on germination. Can. J. Bot 49:1347–1357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ishii, T. and Kadoya, K. 1991. Continuous measurement of oxygen concentration in citrus soil by means of a waterproof zirconia oxygen sensor. Plant Soil 131:53–58.Google Scholar
Letchamo, W. and Gosselin, A. 1996. Light, temperature and duration of storage govern the germination and emergence of Taraxacum officinale seed. J. Hortic. Sci 71:373–377.Google Scholar
Lopez, G. F. and Lutman, P. J. W. 1998. Effects of environmental conditions on the dormancy and germination of volunteer oilseed rape seed (Brassica napus). Weed Sci 46:419–423.Google Scholar
Malik, N. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1987. Germination response of Galium spurium L. to light. Weed Res 27:251–258.Google Scholar
Michel, B. E. 1983. Evaluation of water potential of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000 both in the absence and presence of other solutes. Plant Physiol 72:66–70.Google Scholar
Mulligan, G. A. and Bailey, L. G. 1975. The biology of Canadian weeds. 8. Sinapis arvensis L. Can. J. Plant Sci 55:171–183.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. and Potter, M. E. 1980. Emergence patterns of weed seedlings in relation to cultivation and rainfall. Weed Res 20:377–386.Google Scholar
Roman, E. S., Thomas, A. G., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1999. Modeling germination and seedling elongation of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Sci 47:149–155.Google Scholar
Rotelle, M. A. 1980. The population Dynamics of Catchweed Bedstraw. Ph.D. dissertation. Hohenheim, Germany: University of Hohenheim. 133 p.Google Scholar
Rumpho, M. E. and Kennedy, R. A. 1981. Anaerobic metabolism in germinating seeds of Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass). Plant Physiol 68:165–168.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1990. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 6, Volume 2. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute.Google Scholar
Sharma, M. P. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1978. The biology of Canadian weeds. 27. Avena fatua L. Can. J. Plant Sci 58:141–157.Google Scholar
Taylorson, R. B. and Dinola, L. 1989. Increased phytochrome responsiveness and a high temperature transition in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) seed dormancy. Weed Sci 37:335–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topp, G. C., Dow, B., Edwards, M., Gregorich, E. G., Curnoe, W. E., and Cook, F. J. 2000. Oxygen measurements in the root zone facilitated by TDR. Can. J. Soil. Sci 80:33–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanden Born, W. H. 1971. Green foxtail: seed dormancy, germination and growth. Can. J. Plant Sci 51:53–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, S. E. and Cavers, P. B. 1979. Dynamics of seed populations of Rumex crispus and Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae) in disturbed and undisturbed soil. J. Appl. Ecol 16:909–917.Google Scholar
Weaver, S. E., Tan, C. S., and Brain, P. 1988. Effect of temperature and soil moisture on time of emergence of tomatoes and four weed species. Can. J. Plant. Sci 68:877–886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1968. The induction of light sensitivity in weed seeds by burial. J. Exp. Bot 20:414–425.Google Scholar
Woolley, J. T. and Stoller, E. W. 1978. Light penetration and light-induced seed germination in soil. Plant Physiol 61:597–600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoshioka, T., Satoh, S., and Yamasue, Y. 1998. Effect of increased concentration of soil CO2 on intermittent flushes of seed germination in Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli. Plant Cell Environ 21:1301–1306.Google Scholar