Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:35:56.591Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reactions of Euglena gracilis to Fluometuron, MSMA, Metribuzin, and Glyphosate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

J. T. Richardson ,
R. E. Frans  and
R. E. Talbert
J. T. Richardson
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Altheimer Lab., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
R. E. Frans
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Altheimer Lab., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
R. E. Talbert
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Altheimer Lab., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Investigations were conducted on Euglena gracilis Klebs strain Z to determine the effects of fluometuron [1,2-dimethyl-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea], MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate), glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] on cell number, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis. Euglena cell number was reduced by 65% or more after 48 h with fluometuron levels above 4 X 10-5M. MSMA at 6 X 10-4M reduced cell number 42% after 144 h exposure. Chlorophyll content was reduced 33 to 80% by metribuzin levels of 2 X 10-6M or greater, and fluometuron inhibited chlorophyll content by 30% or more from 4 X 10-6M or greater concentrations. Chlorophyll was reduced 21 to 69% by treatment with glyphosate at 3 X 10-3M, but MSMA appeared to have little effect on chlorophyll except at the high level of 6 X 10-4M at 48 h. Photosynthesis was reduced 50% or more with metribuzin levels above 9 X 10-7M and with fluometuron above 9 X 10-5M. MSMA reduced photosynthesis by 20% at the 6 X 10-3M level, and glyphosate slightly reduced photosynthesis at levels below 1.2 X 10-4M but slightly stimulated it above that level. Chronic effects (Euglena exposed to herbicides 96 h prior to measurement) on photosynthesis indicated a more pronounced reduction from fluometuron than from short-term exposure, little change with glyphosate, but less reduction with metribuzin than from short-term exposure. Metribuzin caused increased respiration rates of 100 to 200% after 100 min of exposure. Respiration was stimulated 20% by glyphosate and relatively unaffected by the other compounds. Removal of Euglena from metribuzin- and fluometuron-treated media to non-treated media resulted in increased levels of chlorophyll to near that of the control. These results suggest that use of these herbicides is not detrimental to non-target algae if the exposure is not intensive.

Keywords

Algaeherbicidesphotosynthesischlorophyllcell numbers
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 27 , Issue 6 , November 1979 , pp. 619 - 624
Copyright
Copyright © 1979 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Arvik, J. H., Hyzak, D. L., and Zimdahl, R. L. 1973. Effect of metribuzin and two analogs on five species of algae. Weed Sci. 21:173–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Braham, R. S. and Forebach, D. D. 1973. Methylated forms of arsenic in the environment. Science 182:1247–1249.Google Scholar
3. Büchel, K. H. 1972. Mechanisms of action and structure activity relations of herbicides that inhibit photosynthesis. Pestic. Sci. 33:89–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Cooke, A. R. 1956. A possible mechanism of action of the urea type herbicides. Weeds 4:397–398.Google Scholar
5. Davis, D. E., Pillai, C. G. P., and Truelove, B. 1976. Effects of prometryn, diuron, fluometuron, and MSMA on Chlorella and two fungi. Weed Sci. 24:587–593.Google Scholar
6. Funderburk, H. H. and Davis, D. E. 1963. The metabolism of 14C-chain and ring-labeled simazine by corn and the effect of atrazine on plant respiratory systems. Weeds 11:101–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Geoghegan, J. J. 1957. The effect of some substituted methylureas on the respiration of Chlorella vulgaris var. viridis . New Phytol. 56:71–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Jaworski, E. G. 1972. Mode of action of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine: Inhibition of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 20:1195–1198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Klepper, L. A. 1975. Inhibition of nitrite reduction by photosynthetic inhibitors. Weed Sci. 23:188–190.Google Scholar
10. Kratky, B. A. and Warren, G. F. 1971. A rapid bioassay for photosynthetic and respiratory inhibitors. Weed Sci. 19:558–561.Google Scholar
11. McBride, R. C. and Wolfe, R. S. 1971. Biosynthesis of dimethyl arsine by methanobacterium. Biochemistry 10:4314–4317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Moreland, D. E. 1967. Mechanisms of actions of herbicides. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 28:365–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Palmer, R. D. and Allen, M. S. 1962. The respiration of excised barley roots in the presence of different levels of simazine and certain substrates. Proc. 15th Southern Weed Conf. p. 271.Google Scholar
14. Pardee, A. B. 1949. Measurement of oxygen uptake under controlled pressure of carbon dioxide. J. Biol. Chem. 179:1085–1091.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Sikka, H. C. and Pramer, D. 1968. Physiological effects of fluometuron on some unicellular algae. Weed Sci. 16:296–299.Google Scholar
16. Sckerl, M. M. and Frans, R. E. 1969. Translocation and metabolism of MAA 14C in johnsongrass and cotton. Weed Sci. 17:421–427.Google Scholar
17. Sweetser, P. B. and Todd, C. W. 1961. The effect of monuron on oxygen liberated in photosynthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 51:504–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Umbreit, W. W., Burris, R. H., and Stauffer, J. F. 1972. Manometric biochemical techniques. 5th ed. Burgess Publishing Co., Minneapolis, Minnesota. 387 pp.Google Scholar
19. Vernon, L. P. 1960. Spectrophotometric determinations of chlorophylls and phaeophytins in plant extracts. Anal. Chem. 32.1144–1150.Google Scholar
20. Von Endt, D. W., Kearney, P. C., and Kaufman, D. D. 1968. Degradation of monosodium methanearsonic acid by soil microorganisms. J. Agric. Food Chem. 16:17–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar