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Physiological basis for tolerance of corn hybrids to foramsulfuron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jeffrey A. Bunting ,
Christy L. Sprague  and
Dean E. Riechers
Jeffrey A. Bunting
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
Dean E. Riechers
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
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Abstract

Foramsulfuron (AE F130360) is a sulfonylurea herbicide for postemergence control of grasses and some broadleaf weeds in corn. Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the physiological basis for differential tolerance of corn hybrids to foramsulfuron. Differences in corn tolerance were quantified by determining the herbicide rate required to cause injury and reduce corn height by 15% (GR15). Seven hybrids were screened in the greenhouse where GR15 values indicated that the some of the corn hybrids were sensitive to foramsulfuron. All but one of these hybrids exhibited an increase in tolerance when the safener, isoxadifen-ethyl, was applied with foramsulfuron. Experiments using 14C-foramsulfuron were conducted to determine whether isoxadifen-ethyl affected foramsulfuron absorption, translocation, and metabolism in two of the corn hybrids. There was no difference in absorption between a sensitive hybrid Novartis 58D1 and a more tolerant hybrid Novartis 59Q9, but the addition of isoxadifen-ethyl increased foramsulfuron absorption in both hybrids 24 h after treatment. Less than 1 and 3% of the 14C-foramsulfuron was translocated to plant portions above and below the treated leaf, respectively. Differences in hybrid tolerance were primarily due to differential herbicide metabolism. Foramsulfuron metabolism, with and without isoxadifen-ethyl, was similar at 4 h after treatment for both the sensitive and tolerant hybrids. However, by 24 h after treatment the more tolerant hybrid metabolized foramsulfuron to more polar compounds to a greater degree than the sensitive hybrid.

Keywords

Foramsulfuroncorn, Zea mays L.Absorptionmetabolismherbicide safenertranslocation
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 52 , Issue 5 , October 2004 , pp. 711 - 717
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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