Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T15:24:18.876Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interspecific and Intraspecific Interference of Broadleaf Signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John T. McGregor Jr. ,
Roy J. Smith Jr.  and
Ronald E. Talbert
John T. McGregor Jr.
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stuttgart, AR 72160
Roy J. Smith Jr.
Affiliation:
Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. Agric., Stuttgart, AR 72160
Ronald E. Talbert
Affiliation:
Altheimer Lab., Univ. Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in 1984 and 1985 at Stuttgart, AR, to investigate the interspecific and intraspecific interference of broadleaf signalgrass densities of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 plants/m2 with rice. In 1984, significant reductions in rice leaf area index (LAI) occurred 6 weeks after emergence with all broadleaf signalgrass densities. The first reduction in LAI occurred 8 weeks after emergence at the density of 150 plants/m2 in 1985. Densities of 50 plants/m2 or greater reduced rice dry weight 6 weeks after emergence in 1984, and the highest density of 150 plants/m2 reduced rice dry weight 12 weeks after emergence in 1985. Height of rice was reduced by densities of 100 and 150 plants/m2. Linear regression equations indicated that each broadleaf signalgrass plant/m2 reduced rough rice yield 18 kg/ha both years. Growth of broadleaf signalgrass was reduced by interspecific and intraspecific interference. The dry weight of broadleaf signalgrass increased at a decreasing rate at plant densities of 100 to 150/m2 when grown alone in 1984 and 1985, when a quadratic equation best described the response. Regression equations indicated interspecific interference from rice reduced broadleaf signalgrass dry weight an average of 48 and 81% in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The height of broadleaf signalgrass was greater when grown with rice than when grown alone.

Keywords

Broadleaf signalgrass, Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash. #3 BRAPPrice, Oryza sativa L. ‘Bond’Weed densitiesLAIBRAPP
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 5 , September 1988 , pp. 589 - 593
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Blackman, G. E. and Templeman, W. G. 1938. The nature of competition between cereal crops and annual weeds. J. Agric. Sci. (Comb.) 28:247–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Bloomberg, J. R., Kirkpatrick, B. L., and Wax, L. M. 1982. Competition of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) with soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 30:507–513.Google Scholar
3. Chamblee, R. W., Thompson, L., and Coble, H. D. 1982. Interference of broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Sci. 30:45–49.Google Scholar
4. De Datta, S. K. 1981. Principles and Practices of Rice Production. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 618 pp.Google Scholar
5. Diarra, A., Smith, R. J. Jr., and Talbert, R. E. 1985. Interference of red rice (Oryza sativa) with rice (O. sativa). Weed Sci. 33:644–649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Fagade, S. O. and De Datta, S. K. 1971. Leaf area index, tillering capacity, and grain yield of tropical rice as affected by plant density and nitrogen level. Agron. J. 63:503–506.Google Scholar
7. Minotti, P. L. and Sweet, R. D. 1981. Role of crop competition in limiting losses from weeds. Pages 351–367 in Pimentel, D., ed. Handbook of Pest Management in Agriculture. Vol. II. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
8. Noda, K. 1977. Integrated weed control in rice. Pages 17–44 in Fryer, J. D. and Matsunaka, S., eds. Integrated Control of Weeds. Univ. Tokyo Press.Google Scholar
9. Okafor, L. I. and De Datta, S. K. 1976. Competition between upland rice and purple nutsedge for nitrogen, moisture, and light. Weed Sci. 24:43–46.Google Scholar
10. Oliver, L. R., Frans, R. E., and Talbert, R. E. 1976. Field competition between tall morningglory and soybean. I. Growth analysis. Weed Sci. 24:482–488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Smith, R. J. Jr. 1974. Competition of barnyardgrass with rice cultivars. Weed Sci. 22:423–426.Google Scholar
12. Smith, R. J. Jr., Flinchum, W. T., and Seaman, D. E. 1977. Weed control in U.S. rice production. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Handb. 497. 78 pp.Google Scholar
13. Smith, R. J. 1983. Competition of bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis) with rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Sci. 31:120–123.Google Scholar
14. Smith, R. J. Jr. 1984. Competition of spreading dayflower (Commelina diffusa) with rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Sci. 32:116–119.Google Scholar
15. Snipes, C. E., Buchanan, G. A., Street, J. E., and McGuire, J. A. 1982. Competition of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 30:553–556.Google Scholar
16. Zimdahl, R. L. 1980. Effect of weed density: Oryza sativa – Rice. Pages 41–46 in Zimdahl, R. L., ed. Weed Crop Competition. A Review. Int. Plant Prot. Ctr., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar