Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T18:20:51.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of a Seed-Feeding Insect and Microorganisms on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Seed Viability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert J. Kremer  and
Neal R. Spencer
Robert J. Kremer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Univ. Missouri, Columbia 65211
Neal R. Spencer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., North. Plains Res. Lab., Sidney, MT 59270
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field infestations of a seed-feeding insect developed from overwintered populations reduced viability of velvetleaf seed to 17.5 and 15.5% at two locations in central Missouri, compared to 95.5 and 87.5% at insect-free sites. Insect feeding enhanced the proportion of seedborne microorganisms in seed up to 98% compared to the average fungal infection of 8% for seed not exposed to the insect. There was a strong negative correlation between fungal infection associated with insect feeding and percent velvetleaf seed viability. The insect transmits microorganisms externally just as pollen is carried by various other insect species and not by ingestion and regurgitation. The effectiveness of the insect on reducing seed viability and seed production in central Missouri is mainly limited by the time required to build up populations capable of significantly affecting early-season velvetleaf seed production.

Keywords

Scentless plant bug, Niesthrea louisianica Sailervelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯3 ABUTHBiocontrolmicrobial ecologyseedborne microorganismsseed viabilityABUTH
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 211 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Agrios, G. N. 1980. Insect involvement in the transmission of fungal pathogens. Pages 293–324 in Harris, K. F. and Maramorosch, K., eds. Vectors of Plant Pathogens. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
2. Biniak, B. M. and Aldrich, R. J. 1986. Reducing velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) seed production with simulated-roller herbicide applications. Weed Sci. 34:256–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Carmichael, J. W., Kendrick, W. B., Conners, I. L., and Sigler, L. 1980. Genera of Hyphomycetes. The Univ. of Alberta Press, Edmonton. 386 pp.Google Scholar
4. Daugherty, D. M. 1967. Pentatomidae as vectors of yeast-spot disease of soybeans. J. Econ. Entomol. 60:147–152.Google Scholar
5. Domsch, K. H., Gams, W., and Anderson, T. 1980. Compendium of Soil Fungi. Academic Press, London. 859 pp.Google Scholar
6. Egley, G. H. and Chandler, J. M. 1983. Longevity of weed seeds after 5.5 years in the Stoneville 50-year buried seed study. Weed Sci. 31:264–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Halloin, J. M. 1983. Deterioration resistance mechanisms in seeds. Phytopathology. 73:335–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Halloin, J. M. 1986. Microorganisms and seed deterioration. Pages 89–99 in McDonald, M. B. and Nelson, C. J., eds. Physiology of Seed Deterioration. Spec. Publ. No. 11. Crop Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI.Google Scholar
9. Harrison, M. D., Brewer, J. W., and Merrill, L. D. 1980. Insect involvement in the transmission of bacterial pathogens. Pages 201–292 in Harris, K. F. and Maramorosch, K., eds. Vectors of Plant Pathogens. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
10. Higgins, R. A., Staniforth, D. W., and Pedigo, L. P. 1984. Effects of weed density and defoliated or undefoliated soybeans (Glycine max) on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) development. Weed Sci. 32:511–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Jones, W. A., Walker, H. E., Quimby, P. C., and Ouzts, J. D. 1985. Biology of Niesthrea louisianica (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) on selected plants and its potential for biocontrol of velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 78:326–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Jordan, T. N. 1985. Weed survey of the North Central Weed Control Conference. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. Res. Rep. 42:344–355.Google Scholar
13. Jordan, T. N., Coble, H. D., and Wax, L. M. 1987. Weed control. Pages 429–460 in Wilcox, J. R., ed. Soybeans Improvement, Production, and Uses. 2nd ed. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, WI.Google Scholar
14. Kremer, R. J. 1986. Antimicrobial activity of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seeds. Weed Sci. 34:617–622.Google Scholar
15. Kremer, R. J. 1987. Identity and properties of bacteria inhabiting seeds of selected broadleaf weed species. Microb. Ecol. 14:29–37.Google Scholar
16. Kremer, R. J., Hughes, L. B., and Aldrich, R. J. 1984. Examination of microorganisms and deterioration resistance mechanisms associated with velvetleaf seed. Agron. J. 76:745–749.Google Scholar
17. LaCroix, L. J. and Staniforth, D. W. 1964. Seed dormancy in velvetleaf. Weeds 12:171–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Lueschen, W. E. and Andersen, R. N. 1980. Longevity of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seeds in soil under agricultural practices. Weed Sci. 28:341–346.Google Scholar
19. Mills, J. T. 1983. Insect-fungus associations influencing seed deterioration. Phytopathology 73:330–335.Google Scholar
20. Mills, J. T., Sinha, R. N., and Wallace, H.A.H. 1978. Multivariate evaluation of isolation techniques for fungi associated with stored rapeseed. Phytopathology 68:1520–1525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Patterson, D. T., Coffin, R. D., and Spencer, N. R. 1987. Effects of temperature on damage to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) by the scentless plant bug Niesthrea louisianica . Weed Sci. 35:324–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Sailer, R. I. 1961. The identity of Lygus sidae Fabricius, type species of the genus Niesthrea [Hem.:Coreidae]. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 63:293–299.Google Scholar
23. Spencer, N. R. 1984. Velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae), history and economic impact in the United States. Econ. Bot. 38:407–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Spencer, N. R. 1987. Niesthrea louisianica (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) reduces velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae), seed production and viability. Environ. Entomol. 16:963–966.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Stephenson, L. W. and Russell, T. E. 1974. The association of Aspergillus flavus with hemipterous and other insects infesting cotton bracts and foliage. Phytopathology 64:1502–1506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Wheeler, A. G. 1977. Life history of Niesthrea louisianica (Hemiptera:Rhopalidae) on Rose of Sharon in North Carolina. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 70:631–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar