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Impact of a Seed-Feeding Insect and Microorganisms on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Seed Viability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert J. Kremer  and
Neal R. Spencer
Robert J. Kremer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Prod. Res. Unit, Univ. Missouri, Columbia 65211
Neal R. Spencer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., North. Plains Res. Lab., Sidney, MT 59270
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Abstract

Field infestations of a seed-feeding insect developed from overwintered populations reduced viability of velvetleaf seed to 17.5 and 15.5% at two locations in central Missouri, compared to 95.5 and 87.5% at insect-free sites. Insect feeding enhanced the proportion of seedborne microorganisms in seed up to 98% compared to the average fungal infection of 8% for seed not exposed to the insect. There was a strong negative correlation between fungal infection associated with insect feeding and percent velvetleaf seed viability. The insect transmits microorganisms externally just as pollen is carried by various other insect species and not by ingestion and regurgitation. The effectiveness of the insect on reducing seed viability and seed production in central Missouri is mainly limited by the time required to build up populations capable of significantly affecting early-season velvetleaf seed production.

Keywords

Scentless plant bug, Niesthrea louisianica Sailervelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯3 ABUTHBiocontrolmicrobial ecologyseedborne microorganismsseed viabilityABUTH
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 2 , March 1989 , pp. 211 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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