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Glyphosate-resistant wheat persistence in western Canadian cropping systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

K. Neil Harker ,
George W. Clayton ,
Robert E. Blackshaw ,
John T. O'Donovan ,
Eric N. Johnson ,
Yantai Gan ,
Frederick A. Holm ,
Ken L. Sapsford ,
R. Byron Irvine  and
Rene C. Van Acker
George W. Clayton
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada
Robert E. Blackshaw
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
John T. O'Donovan
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Experimental Farm, Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, Canada
Eric N. Johnson
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Scott Research Farm, Box 10, Scott, SK S0K 4A0, Canada
Yantai Gan
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
Frederick A. Holm
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
Ken L. Sapsford
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
R. Byron Irvine
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research Centre, Box 1000A, R.R. #3, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
Rene C. Van Acker
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Abstract

As a weed, wheat has recently gained greater profile. Determining wheat persistence in cropping systems will facilitate the development of effective volunteer wheat management strategies. In October of 2000, glyphosate-resistant (GR) spring wheat seeds were scattered on plots at eight western Canada sites. From 2001 to 2003, the plots were seeded to a canola–barley–field-pea rotation or a fallow–barley–fallow rotation, with five seeding systems involving seeding dates and soil disturbance levels, and monitored for wheat plant density. Herbicides and tillage (in fallow systems) were used to ensure that no wheat plants produced seed. Seeding systems with greater levels of soil disturbance usually had greater wheat densities. Volunteer wheat densities at 2 (2002) and 3 (2003) yr after seed dispersal were close to zero but still detectable at most locations. At the end of 2003, viable wheat seeds were not detected in the soil seed bank at any location. The majority of wheat seedlings were recruited in the year following seed dispersal (2001) at the in-crop, prespray (PRES) interval. At the PRES interval in 2001, across all locations and treatments, wheat density averaged 2.6 plants m−2. At the preplanting interval (PREP), overall wheat density averaged only 0.2 plants m−2. By restricting density data to include only continuous cropping, low-disturbance direct-seeding (LDS) systems, the latter mean dropped below 0.1 plants m−2. Only at one site were preplanting GR wheat densities sufficient (4.2 plants m−2) to justify a preseeding herbicide treatment in addition to glyphosate in LDS systems. Overall volunteer wheat recruitment at all spring and summer intervals in the continuous cropping rotation in 2001 was 1.7% (3.3 plants m−2). Despite the fact that volunteer wheat has become more common in the central and northern Great Plains, there is little evidence from this study to suggest that its persistence will be a major agronomic problem.

Keywords

Barley, Hordeum vulgare L.canola, Brassica napus L.field pea, Pisum sativum L.spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Direct-seedingdormancyfallowrecruitmentseed bankseeding systemsvolunteer wheatzero tillage
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 53 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 846 - 859
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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