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Gene flow from imidazolinone-resistant domesticated sunflower to wild relatives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Rafael A. Massinga ,
Kassim Al-Khatib ,
Paul St. Amand  and
Jerry F. Miller
Rafael A. Massinga
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5501
Paul St. Amand
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5501
Jerry F. Miller
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58105
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Abstract

Gene flow from imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant domestic sunflower to IMI-susceptible common sunflower and prairie sunflower was studied. Under greenhouse conditions, pollen from IMI-resistant domesticated sunflower was applied to flower heads of IMI-susceptible common and prairie sunflower. In addition, field studies were conducted in 2000 and 2001 near Manhattan, KS, to evaluate IMI-resistant gene flow from IMI-resistant domesticated sunflower to common and prairie sunflower under natural conditions. Common and prairie sunflower were planted in concentric circles at distances of 2.5, 5, 15, and 30 m around a densely planted IMI-resistant domesticated sunflower species. For both greenhouse and field studies, IMI-resistant gene flow was determined by treating the progeny of both wild species with 40 g ai ha−1 of imazamox. Greenhouse crosses made by hand showed that 94% of common sunflower and 79% of prairie sunflower were resistant or moderately resistant. The resistant plants were allowed to grow in the greenhouse and were backcrossed with the corresponding susceptible wild parents. Progeny of the backcross showed a 1:1 ratio of resistant to susceptible plants. In the field, gene flow was detected up to 30 m from the pollen source for both species, and it decreased as distance from the pollen source increased. In 2000, 11 to 22% of the progeny were resistant at 2.5 m from the pollen source and 0.3 to 5% were resistant at 30 m. In 2001, the number of resistant progeny did not exceed 7 and 2% at 2.5 and 30 m from the pollen source, respectively. The results of this study showed that IMI-resistant domesticated sunflower outcrosses with common and prairie sunflower over distances typically encountered near production fields. Also, backcrosses of resistant hybrids with wild parents are successful, further increasing the potential for the spread of IMI-resistant feral sunflowers.

Keywords

Common sunflower, Helianthus annuusprairie sunflower, Helianthus petiolarisPollen movementimazamoxhybridizationhybridization ratesFURD
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 6 , December 2003 , pp. 854 - 862
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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