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Efficacy and Dissipation of Dithiopyr and Pendimethalin in Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Turf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Leo C. Schleicher ,
Patrick J. Shea ,
Robert N. Stougaard  and
Duane R. Tupy
Leo C. Schleicher
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Patrick J. Shea
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Robert N. Stougaard
Affiliation:
Northwestern Agric. Res. Ctr., Montana St. Univ., Kalispell, MT 59901
Duane R. Tupy
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Nebraska
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Abstract

Efficacy, movement, and degradation of dithiopyr and pendimethalin were monitored after application to perennial ryegrass turf in 1990 and 1991. Dithiopyr at 0.6 kg ai ha−1 reduced large crabgrass infestation by ≥ 90% up to 87 DAT in both years, while pendimethalin at 1.7 kg ai ha−1 provided similar control up to 59 DAT in 1 of 2 yr. Turf thinning due to disease and insect damage in 1990 allowed more herbicide to reach the thatch, mat, and underlying soil in 1991. In both years, more pendimethalin but less dithiopyr was found in thatch 7 DAT than 1 DAT, suggesting greater pendimethalin retention in verdure and thatch. Precipitation was greater after herbicide application in the second year, and concentration in the mat layer reached a maximum by 7 DAT compared to 14 DAT in 1990. Maximum concentrations of dithiopyr and pendimethalin in soil at 0 to 5 cm deep were 20 and 56 μg kg−1, respectively, measured 7 DAT in 1991. Herbicide concentration 5 to 10 cm deep was ≤ 5 μg kg−1 at all sampling dates in 1990. In 1991, dithiopyr and pendimethalin concentrations 5 to 10 cm deep did not exceed 4 and 20 μg kg−1, respectively, measured within 1 DAT. Neither herbicide was detected 10 to 20 cm deep, nor in samples collected 30 cm outside of the experimental plots in either year. At 126 DAT (final sampling date), little herbicide was detected in verdure, but residues were found in most thatch and all mat samples. The estimated time for a 50% reduction in detectable residues (DT50) of dithiopyr and pendimethalin from the sampling zone was 35 and 23 days, respectively.

Keywords

dithiopyr, S,S-dimethyl-2-(difluoromethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,5-pyridine-carbothioatependimethalin, N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamineperennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. #3 LOLPElarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSALeachingdinitroanilinepyridine herbicidesLOLPEDIGSA
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 43 , Issue 1 , March 1995 , pp. 140 - 148
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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