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The Effect of Reduced Light Intensity on Grass Weeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2017

Muhammad Yasin ,
Eva Rosenqvist  and
Christian Andreasen
Muhammad Yasin*
Affiliation:
Ph.D Student, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark, and Lecturer, Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, PK-40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
Eva Rosenqvist
Affiliation:
Associate Professor and Associate Professor, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
Christian Andreasen
Affiliation:
Associate Professor and Associate Professor, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author’s E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The effect of reduced light intensity on the growth and development of three common grass weeds, blackgrass, silky windgrass, and annual bluegrass, was studied. Two identical greenhouse experiments displaced in time were performed with six light levels aiming at 0%, 20%, 50%, 80%, 90%, and 95% shade corresponding to a mean daily light integral (DLI) of 12.4, 9.63, 7.13, 2.74, 0.95, and 0.69 mol m−2 d−1 in experiment 1 and 21.2, 18.0, 10.7, 3.71, 1.64, 1.20 mol m−2 d−1 in experiment 2. Climate screens of acrylic fabric were used to create the light levels. A DLI of 0.69 to 3.71 mol m−2 d−1 substantially reduced the plant height, the number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content index, stomatal conductance, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and dry matter of blackgrass. It also reduced plant height, the number of leaves, and dry matter and delayed flowering of windgrass and annual bluegrass. Annual bluegrass reacted most rapidly when light levels increased from the lowest levels by producing more leaves. DLI thresholds for blooming were estimated to be about 7.13 mol m−2 d−1 for windgrass and 1.64 mol m−2 d−1 for annual bluegrass. Annual bluegrass was able to bloom and sustain biomass even at a DLI of 1.64 mol m−2 d−1. This ability may contribute to an explanation of why annual bluegrass is among the most common weed species in highly competitive and well-fertilized crops even though it is much smaller than the two other grass species.

Keywords

Blackgrass, Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.silky windgrass, Apera spica-venti (L.) Beauv.annual bluegrass, Poa annua L.Competition for lightfloral diversityphenologyphysiologyshade.
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 65 , Issue 5 , September 2017 , pp. 603 - 613
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Bhagirath Chauhan, The University of Queensland

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