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Retinoids in the lateral eye of Limulus: Evidence for a retinal photoisomerase

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

W. Clay Smith ,
Matthew A. Friedman  and
Timothy H. Goldsmith
W. Clay Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven
Matthew A. Friedman
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven
Timothy H. Goldsmith
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven
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Abstract

The lateral eyes of the horseshoe crab Limulus contain about 80 pmoles of retinal, 30 pmoles of retinol, and 4 pmoles of retinyl esters. More all-trans than 11-cis isomer was found in each category of retinoid. No consistent changes were observed in the amounts of retinal, retinol, or retinyl esters as a function of time of day. No 3,4-dehydro- nor hydroxyretinoids were found.

Aqueous extracts of the eye support the stereospecific formation of 11 -cis retinal from a11-trans retinal when irradiated with light. The reaction requires a protein that is apparently recognized by polyclonal antibodies raised against the retinal photoisomerase extracted from honeybee eyes. The isomerase is able to use as substrate either endogenous all-trans retinal in the extract or retinal supplied in vesicles of phospholipid. The spectral efficiency of this isomerization has λmax at 550 nm, but the spectrum appears too narrow compared with the absorbance spectrum of retinoid-binding proteins, probably because of inadequate correction for nonspecific isomerization at short wavelengths.

Keywords

Il-cis retinalPhotoisomeraseLimulusVisual cycle
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 8 , Issue 4 , April 1992 , pp. 329 - 336
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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