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Development of the rabbit retina, III: Differential retinal growth, and density of projection neurons and interneurons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

A. Reichenbach ,
J. Schnitzer ,
E. Reichelt ,
N. N. Osborne ,
B. Fritzsche ,
A. Puls ,
U. Richter ,
A. Friedrich ,
A. -K. Knothe  and
W. Schober
...Show all authors
A. Reichenbach
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
J. Schnitzer
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
E. Reichelt
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
N. N. Osborne
Affiliation:
Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
B. Fritzsche
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
A. Puls
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
U. Richter
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
A. Friedrich
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
A. -K. Knothe
Affiliation:
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
W. Schober
Affiliation:
Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Department of Neuroanatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
U. Timmermann
Affiliation:
Center of Anatomy, Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Clinical Anatomy, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany
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Abstract

To provide a quantitative description of postnatal retinal expansion in rabbits, a new procedure was developed to map the retinae, which cover the inner surface of hemispheres or parts of rotation ellipsoids, in situ, onto a single plane. This method, as well as the known distribution of Müller cells per unit retinal surface area, were used to estimate the redistribution of specific subpopulations of Müller cells within different topographic regions of the retinae. Müller cells are known to exist as a stable population of cells 1 week after birth and can therefore be used as “markers” for determining tissue expansion. Our results show that differential retinal expansion occurs during development. Peripheral retinal regions expand at least twice as much as the central ones. Furthermore, there is a greater vertical than horizontal expansion. This differential retinal expansion leads to a corresponding redistribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) accumulating amacrine cells. Differential retinal expansion, however, does not account for all of the changes in the centro-peripheral density gradient of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) — mostly retinal ganglion cells — during postnatal development. The changes in the ganglion cell layer were evaluated in Nissl-stained wholemount retinal preparations. Additionally, the difference between expansion-related redistribution of cells in the GCL and Müller cells was confirmed in wholemount preparations where Müller cells (identified as vimentin positive) and cells in the GCL (identified by fluorescent supravital dyes) were simultaneously labeled. It is assumed that many of the ganglion cells within the retinal center are not translocated during retinal expansion, possibly because their axons are fixed. In contrast, 5-HT accumulating amacrine cells — which are interneurons without a retinofugal axon — display a passive redistribution together with the surrounding retinal tissue.

Keywords

Retina growthCell populationsMorphometryGrowth mechanicsRabbit
Type
Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , May 1993 , pp. 479 - 498
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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