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Why do Identical Twins Differ in Personality: Shared Environment Reconsidered

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2012

Anne Mari Torgersen  and
Harald Janson
Anne Mari Torgersen*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway. [email protected]
Harald Janson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
*
*Address for correspondence: Anne Mari Torgersen, PhD, R.BUP, P.O. Box 23 Tåsen, N-0801 Oslo, Norway.

Abstract

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While heritability studies show that most of the variance in adult personality can be attributed to genetic or so-called nonshared environmental influence, this does not mean that shared events lack importance for the development of later personality differences. We studied the relationship between Big Five personality differences in monozygotic (MZ) twins at age 29, and life stressors at age 6 to 15, using prospective data from 26 MZ pairs studied from birth onwards. A positive significant correlation was found between stressors in childhood and early adolescence, and intrapair personality differences in Agreeableness, Openness, Conscientiousness, and five-factor profiles. We note that the effects of shared events are labeled “nonshared” environment when the effect is to make siblings more different. Case examples illustrate the relationship between stress and personality differences, and provide hypotheses for further studies in larger samples.

Type
Articles
Information
Twin Research and Human Genetics , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , 01 February 2002 , pp. 44 - 52
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002