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Memoir of George Wishart, the Scottish Martyr. with his Translation of the Helvetian Confession, and a Genealogical History of the Family of Wishart

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

Charles Rogers
Charles Rogers
Affiliation:
Historiographer to the Royal Historical Society, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and Corresponding Member of the Historical and Genealogical Society of New England.
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Extract

An inquiry into the life of George Wishart presented few attractions. Believing that he claimed the gift of prophecy, Mr Hill Burton describes him as “a visionary.” Mr Froude charges him with preaching without authority and with illegally assuming the priestly office. Professor Lorimer alleges that, in his early ministry, he denied the doctrine of the Atonement. Mr Tytler has sought to prove that he intended murder, by conspiring against the life of Cardinal Beaton. Having ventured on the elucidation of his history, I have investigated the charges brought against him, with care and, I trust, impartiality. The result will be found in these pages. Meanwhile I may summarise my deductions, and say that the martyr has, from the inquiry, come forth unstained. He did not claim prophetic powers; he preached with canonical sanction; he did not act as a priest or ordained clergyman; he taught the doctrine of the Atonement throughout his whole ministry; he did not conspire against Beaton, and if he knew of the conspiracy he condemned it.

Type
Research Article
Information
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 4 , December 1876 , pp. 260 - 363
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1876

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References

page 260 note * Burton's, History of Scotland, Edin., 1873, 12mo, vol. iii., p. 251Google Scholar.

page 260 note † Froude's, History of England, Lond., 1870, vol. iv., p. 177Google Scholar.

page 260 note ‡ Lorimer's, Historical Sketch of the Scottish Reformation, Lond., 1860Google Scholar.

page 260 note § Tytler's, History of Scotland, Edin., 1869, vol. iii., pp. 365–374Google Scholar.

page 262 note * George Learmont was, in 1531, infeft as “son and heir of umq James Learmont of Balcomie and Grizel Meldrum.”

page 262 note † See Genealogical History of the Family of Wishart, infra.

page 262 note ‡ Life of John Erskine of Dun; Wodrow MSS., vol. i.; Biblioth. Coll., Glasg.

page 263 note * Petrie's History of the Catholick Church, part ii., p. 182.

page 264 note * This was an inferior order in the Church. The reader possessed a faculty to preach, but he was not under the vow of celibacy like ecclesiastics of a higher grade. Wishart is styled “the reader“ in the correspondence which follows.

page 264 note † Seyer's, History of Bristol, 1821, 2 vols. 8vo, vol. ii., p. 215Google Scholar.

page 264 note ‡ The name of the dean was Kearne.

page 264 note § From the Original in the Public Record Office.

page 265 note * Froude's, History of England, Lond., 1870, vol. iii., pp. 199–217Google Scholar.

page 265 note † Memoirs, , Historical and Biographical, vol. ii., p. 223Google Scholar.

page 266 note * Seyer's, History of Bristol, vol. ii., p. 223Google Scholar.

page 267 note * The Scottish Reformation: An Historical Sketch, by DrLorimer, Peter, Lond., 1860, pp. 92–96Google Scholar.

page 268 note * Brit. Mus., Cotton MSS., Cleopatra EV., fol. 390.

page 268 note † The celebrated Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex, who held office as Recorder of Bristol, was also Keeper of the Privy Seal. In the books of the city chamberlain is the following entry, respecting a balance of salary due to Lord Essex at the time of his execution: “For so much the £20 charged in this side, paid to the Lord of Essex, late Recorder of this town, for his fee due to him at the feast of the Nativity of our Lord God in Anno 1540: which customary used to be paid at one time: and for that the said Lord of Essex was beheaded before that feast in the same year, anno 1540, we, the auditors, find that the £20 ought not to be allowed in this account.”

page 269 note * The Abyndons were an old Bristol family. Henry Abyndon, Bachelor of Music at Cambridge in 1463, was a member of King's Chapel, and Master of St Catherine's Hospital, Brightbow, Bedminster. In 1550 there is mention of “Abyndon ys Inne.” This inn was rebuilt before 1565, and was then known as the new inn. The individual mentioned in the letter was probably Richard Abyndon, who was mayor of Bristol in 1526, and again in 1537. In 1529 he was elected M.P. In an old calendar of the city, the following entry occurs: “On the 17th of July there was such thundering and lightening which lasted from 8 o' the clock at night untill 4 next morning, which was fearfull for to heare; but when Richard Abbingdon deceased the thunder also ceased presently.”

page 269 note † “The prater Pacy” was probably the vicar of All-Hallows; but a person of the name was mayor of Bristol in 1532.

page 269 note ‡ Hutton cannot be identified.

page 269 note ∥ Coke was mayor in 1535, and M.P. in 1537.

page 269 note ¶ Smyth was sheriff of Bristol in 1533.

page 269 note § Tonnell was mayor of Bristol in 1529.

page 269 note ** Nicholas Thorne was a wealthy shipowner, and founder of a school at Bristol. He served as sheriff in 1529. In 1537 he represented the borough in Parliament, and in 1545 was elected mayor. He died August 19th, 1546. His portrait by Holbein is extant.

page 269 note †† A person named Sylke was sheriff of Bristol in 1530; and the “proude vicar of St Leonards” was also Thomas Sylke. Both belonged to an old Bristol family of the name. William Sylke was rector of All-Hallows in 1264, when “Isonde, relict of Hugh Calvestone, grants lands to the Church, on payment of a yearly rent of a penny or a pair of gloves at her option.” By another deed, dated about the same period, William Sylke “gives, grants, and confirms in fee, for the souls of his father, John Sylke, his mother, Isabella, and all his predecessors and successors,” money “to keep a lamp for ever burning in the church of All-Hallows” —the said money to be derived from land in Seatepull Street, Bristol. In 1547 a Mrs Sylke bequeathed to the poor of St Thomas's parish three shillings for annual distribution.

page 269 note ‡‡ Robert Ellyott was Sheriff of Bristol in 1522, mayor in 1541, and M.P. in 1542. In the patents of 1501 and 1502, for the discovery and settlement of the lands in America, his father, Hugh Ellyott, was associated with Ward, Ashehurst, Thomas, and Thorne, merchants of Bristol.

page 269 note §§ Hart was sheriff of Bristol in 1536.

page 269 note ¶¶ Addamys was mayor of Bristol in 1546.

page 269 note *** Woddus was Sheriff of Bristol in 1535.

page 269 note ††† Thomas Tasker.

page 269 note ∥∥ Pryn was sheriff in 1537.

page 269 note ‡‡‡ Waterhouse.

page 270 note * Thomas Sylke was vicar of St Leonards.

page 270 note ‡ Bishop Richard, who was employed as a royal commissioner at Bristol for the surrender of the monastery.

page 270 note † Thomas Tasker.

page 271 note * One of these two apothecaries was David Harris. He was sheriff in 1539, and mayor in 1551. When Richard Sharp was suffering at the stake for heresy, in 1557, he was encouraged by one Thomas Hale, a shoemaker. This act so enraged Alderman Harris that he had Hale seized in his bed, and committed to Newgate; he was afterwards condemned and burned. When Queen Elizabeth visited Bristol in 1573, David Harris was ejected from the office of alderman. The other “poticary” was probably a relative.

page 271 note † The town clerk was John Colys.

page 272 note * Rector of the grammar school.

page 272 note ‡ The pointmakers were a flourishing guild at Bristol.

page 272 note § David Broke was mayor of the city in 1527.

page 272 note ¶ Antony Payne was sheriff in 1534.

page 272 note † Nicholas Thorn.

page 272 note ∥ Gervys was sheriff in 1526.

page 272 note ** William Yong was mayor in 1540.

page 272 note †† William Chester was mayor in 1538. In the following year he obtained a grant of the site of the Blackfriars monastery. When in May 1549 there was an insurrection in the city, under Pykes' mayoralty, he appeared for the malcontents, and obtained a pardon for them from Edward VI.

page 273 note * Mayor in 1540.

page 273 note ‡ Lesley's, History of Scotland, Edin., 1838, p. 191Google Scholar.

page 273 note † Sheriff in 1533.

page 274 note * Foxe's Acts and Monuments, ed. 1596, p. 1155.

page 274 note † Rymer's Fœdera, vol. xiv., pp. 786–791.

page 275 note * Sadler's, State Papers, vol. i., pp. 235, 242–245Google Scholar . Knox, who mentions Wishart's return to Scotland with the commissioners, erroneously states that the event took place in 1544 (Knox's History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 102).

page 275 note † Pitarrow is situated in a rural district, fifteen miles from Montrose, on the east coast of Forfarshire.

page 275 note ‡ DrCook's, GeorgeHistory of the Scottish Reformation, vol. i., p. 272Google Scholar ; New Statistical Account, Kincardineshire, p. 81.

page 276 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 125Google Scholar.

page 276 note † Foxe's, Acts and Monuments, ed. 1596, p. 1155Google Scholar.

page 277 note * An Act of the Estates was proclaimed on the 19th March 1543, declaring that it should be lawful for all men to read the Old and New Testaments in the mother tongue, and providing that “no man preach to the contrary upon pain of death.”

page 277 note † Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 125Google Scholar ; Petrie's, History of the Catholick Church, Hague, 1662, folio, p. 182Google Scholar.

page 278 note * Putting to the horn, i.e., being denounced a rebel. This menace would, as matter of course, be contained in the proclamation.

page 278 note † Knox's, History, Edin., 1846, vol. i., pp. 125, 126Google Scholar.

page 278 note ‡ By Sir Ralph Sadler, in a report to Henry VIII., dated 27th March 1543, the Earl Marischal is described as “a goodly young gentleman, well given to his Majesty.” He was very friendly to the Reformation. During the civil wars in the reign of Queen Mary he shut himself in his Castle of Dunottar, and consequently became known as William of the Tower. He died about the year 1581 (Sadler's, State Papers, vol. i., p. 126)Google Scholar.

page 279 note * William Cunningham, fourth Earl of Glencairn, was in 1526 appointed Lord High Treasurer. He early attached himself to the Reformers, and bore a conspicuous part in their early struggles; he died in 1547. His son Alexander, fifth earl, is historically known as “the good earl.”

page 279 note † Now called Dumfries House, a seat of the Marquess of Bute.

page 279 note ‡ Knox's, History, Edin., 1846, vol. i., p. 127Google Scholar.

page 279 note § John Lockhart of Barr is, in a legal instrument dated Glasgow, 20th November 1510, nominated procurator and assignee of Mr Patrick Shaw, Vicar of Monktown, about to set out for Rome. He is noticed in the rental book of the diocese of Glasgow in 1553 (Diocesan Registers of Glasgow, vol. i., p. 151; vol. ii. p. 381).

page 280 note * Hew Campbell of Kinzeancleugh was a cadet of the House of Loudoun. His son, Robert Campbell of Kinzeancleugh, was a zealous friend of John Knox and a devoted promoter of the Reformation.

page 280 note † Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 128Google Scholar.

page 280 note ‡ Gilbert Kennedy, third Earl of Cassilis, was taken prisoner at the battle of Solway, and consequently became known to Henry VIII., who held him in high esteem. He was a vigorous upholder of the Protestant cause.

page 280 note § Spottiswoode's, History of the Church of Scotland, Edin., 1851, 8vo, vol. i., p. 151Google Scholar.

page 280 note ∥ Diurnal of Occurrents, Maitland Club, p. 39.

page 281 note * Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 129Google Scholar.

page 281 note † At this time the town of Dundee was surrounded by a double wall, with ports or gates, which were removed about the end of the eighteenth century, except the East Gate, or Cowgate Port, which, out of respect to Wishart's memory, has been preserved.

page 281 note ‡ Knox's, Works, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 130Google Scholar.

page 282 note * Knox's, Works, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 131Google Scholar.

page 282 note † John Kynnear of Kynnear in the parish of Kilmany, Fifeshire, was, on the 30th July 1543, served heir to his father, David Kynnear de eodem, in the lands and barony of Kynnear (Inq. Spec, Fife, No. 2).

page 283 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 132Google Scholar.

page 284 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 134Google Scholar.

page 285 note * Sadler's, State Papers, pp. 25, 185, 280Google Scholar.

page 285 note † On the 8th November I545, there was paid “be my Lord Gouernouis speciall command to the Laird of Brounstoun in support of his expenses maid in tyme of his being in Ingland lauborand for redres of certane Scottis schippis tane be the Inglische men, &c, 44 lib.” (Treasurers' Accounts).

page 285 note ‡ Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii., p. 520.

page 285 note § John Knox was born at Haddington and educated under the learned Mair at the University of Glasgow. In the protocol books of Haddington his name occurs in 1540, 1541, and 1542, under the style of “Schir John Knox,” the designation of priests who had not attained the academical rank of master. A notarial instrument of assignment, dated 27th March 1543, bears his subscription as “Minister of the sacred altar and apostolic notary.”

page 286 note * Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii., p. 546.

page 286 note † Three Scottish Reformers, Edin., 1874, p. 20Google Scholar.

page 287 note * Knox describes the loungers as two Grey Friars. The members of the chapel of Loretto were so designated, though not strictly entitled to the appellative. The chapel at Loretto, or Alareit, near Musselburgh, was founded in 1533, by Thomas Douchtie, and by him dedicated to the Virgin. Within the building, Douchtie and his successors professed to work miracles. In 1536, James V. made a pilgrimage to the chapel from Stirling, after being driven back by a storm on his first voyage to France to bring home his queen. A political pasquinade, at the expense of Douchtie and his brethren, the Grey Friars, was composed by Alexander Cunningham, fifth Earl of Glencairn. In this composition he names a Friar Laing, who, very probably, was one of those associated with the incident at Inveresk (Three Scottish Reformers, pp. 12–16).

page 287 note † Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 135Google Scholar.

page 287 note ‡ Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich was an especial favourite of Henry VIII. In his society, when acting as one of the Scottish Commissioners, Wishart returned to Scotland. Appointed a Privy Councillor in March 1543, he was forfeited by the Catholic party for alleged treason, but was assoilzied in December 1544. He was constituted an Extraordinary Lord of Session in 1549. David, his eldest son, became seventh Earl of Angus; and his second son, James, was Earl of Morton and Regent of Scotland (Hay's, Senators of the College of Justice, Edin., 1832, p. 94)Google Scholar.

page 288 note * Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 136Google Scholar.

page 288 note † Sadler's, Letters, vol. i., p. 585Google Scholar.

page 288 note ‡ Knox's, Works, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 563Google Scholar , note by Mr David Laing.

page 289 note * Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington held office under James V., Mary of Guise, Queen Mary, and James VI. He was knighted in 1551 on being appointed an Extraordinary Lord of Session. His “Collection of Early Scottish Poetry” is a work of great value. Poems of his own composition are printed by the Maitland Club. He died on the 20th March 1586 at the age of ninety.

page 289 note † Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., pp. 136–138Google Scholar.

page 289 note ‡ Children or pupils.

page 290 note * John Sandilands was elder of the two sons of Sir James Sandilands of Calder. His younger brother was created Lord Torphichen. Knox resided in Calder House after his return to Scotland in 1555.

page 290 note † Knox relates that on account of the keen frost, and the imperfect condition of the roads, the journey from Haddington to Ormiston was performed on foot. The distance was about six miles.

page 290 note ‡ Knox quotes the two opening lines:

‘Have mercy on me now, good Lord,

After thy great mercy,’ etc.

A paraphrase of the psalm commencing with these lines is contained in the “Gude and Godlie Ballates,” edited or composed by John and Robert Wedderburn, who were living at Dundee about the year 1540.

page 290 note § Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 41.

page 291 note * Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., pp. 141, 142Google Scholar.

page 292 note * Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 142Google Scholar.

page 293 note * Sadler's, State Papers, vol. i., p. 184Google Scholar.

page 293 note † Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 41.

page 293 note ‡ Reg. Sec. Conc., fol. 25.

page 294 note * Hailes Castle occupies a retired spot on the banks of the Tyne, in the parish of Prestonkirk. It is now a ruin.

page 294 note † Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 143Google Scholar.

page 295 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 119Google Scholar.

page 295 note † Lindsay, of Pitscottie's History of Scotland, Edin., 1727, folio, p. 188Google Scholar.

page 296 note * James Montgomery de Lorges succeeded, in 1545, John Stuart, Count D'Aubigny, as captain of the Scottish guard in France. He died in 1560. Gabriel, his eldest son, mentioned in the text, obtained a painful notoriety from having mortally wounded in a tournament Henry II. of France, in June 1559. He retired to Normandy, and afterwards visited Italy and England. Subsequent to 1562 he acted as a commander of the Protestant party in the religious wars of France. He narrowly escaped destruction at the Massacre of St Bartholomew, and two years later, having invaded Normandy, he was taken prisoner, and executed on the 27th May 1574.

page 296 note † Diurnal of Occurrents, p. 39; Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., pp. 145–147Google Scholar.

page 297 note * Titus i. 7.

page 297 note † Matt. xiii. 30.

page 298 note * John Lauder studied at St Andrews. His name appears among the licentiates in Pedagogio, anno 1508. It appears from the Treasurer's Accounts that he was frequently employed in ecclesiastical affairs.

page 298 note † That Lauder spit in the prisoner's face, as is stated by Knox, may not be credited. Such an indecency would not have been tolerated either by the bishops or the spectators (Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 152Google Scholar ).

page 299 note * James v. 16.

page 300 note * I Peter ii. 5.

page 300 note † John viii. 34, 36.

page 301 note * I Tim. ii. 5.

page 301 note † John x. 1.

page 301 note ‡ Matt. xix. 12.

page 301 note § 2 Chron. vi. 18.

page 302 note * Job xi. 8, 9.

page 302 note † Matt, xviii. 20.

page 304 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, p. 174Google Scholar , note by Mr David Laing.

page 305 note * Lindsay's, LordLives of the Lindsays, London, 1858, 8vo, vol. i., p. 201Google Scholar.

page 305 note † A unique copy of this volume belonged to the late Mr Richard Heber.

page 305 note ‡ Knox's, History, edited by Buchanan, David, Lond., 1644, p. 171Google Scholar.

page 306 note * Lindsay, of Pitscottie's History of Scotland, from 1431 to 1565, Edin., 1728, folio, p. 190Google Scholar.

page 306 note † History of Scotland, by Buchanan, George, Lond., 1690, folio, vol. ii, p. 96Google Scholar.

page 307 note * Knox's, History, Edin., 1846, vol. i., p. 168Google Scholar.

page 308 note * Sadler's, State Papers, vol. i., pp. 94, 138Google Scholar.

page 308 note † Ib., vol. i., pp. 221, 249, 278, 312.

page 308 note ‡ Ib., vol. i., p. 332.

page 309 note * Knox's, History, edit. 1846, vol. i., p. 172Google Scholar.

page 310 note * State Papers, Henry, VIII., vol. v., pp. 377, 378Google Scholar.

page 311 note * Haynes', Collection of State Papers, Lond., 1740, folio, p. 32Google Scholar.

page 312 note * Knox's, History, vol. i., pp. 125, 168Google Scholar.

page 312 note † The History of Scotland, written in the Scottish vernacular for the use of Queen Mary, by John Lesley, Bishop of Ross. Published by the Bannatyne Club in 1830, from a MS. belonging to the Earl of Leven, p. 191. Bishop Lesley was born in 1526, and was therefore in his twentieth year at the period of Wishart's martyrdom.

page 313 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., pp. 125–169Google Scholar.

page 313 note † Treasurer's Accounts, March 1546.

page 313 note ‡ See supra.

page 313 note § See postea.

page 313 note ∥ Douglas's Peerage, p. 588.

page 315 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., p. 172Google Scholar.

page 316 note * Knox's, History, ed. 1846, vol. i., pp. 173–177Google Scholar.

page 316 note † Ib., vol. i., p. 178; Lesley's, BishopHistory of Scotland, Edin., 1830, 4to, p. 19Google Scholar.

page 317 note * Calderwood's, History of the Church of Scotland, vol. i., p. 49Google Scholar.

page 317 note † MS. Poems of John Johnstone, in the Advocates Library, Edinburgh. A portion of the epigram has thus been rendered by an ingenious friend:

“How good a thing it is in one to find,

His name the mirror of a virtuous mind;

And well may Wishart claim the spotless heart

Where heavenly wisdom breathes in every part;

Christ his sole love, he doth unfold the store,

Of all his bosom holds of sacred lore.

Celestial themes are his, and he displays

The hidden mystery of the Father's ways;

Fired with the love of Christ, his zealous heart

Prophetic soars above all human art.

Dauntless amidst devouring flames he stands,

Which shrink as loath to kiss the martyr's hands;

No trembling victim now attests their rage,

For fiercest fires doth innocence assuage.”

Page 329 note * Nisbet's System of Heraldry, Edin., 1816, folio, vol. i., p. 201.

Page 329 note † Rotuli Hundredorum, vol. i.

Page 329 note § Rotuli Hundredorum, vol. ii., p. 727.

Page 329 note ‡ Testa, de Nevill, passim.

Page 330 note * Reg. Vetus de Aberbrothoc, p. 97.

Page 330 note § Fordun, lib. x., p. 133.

Page 330 note ∥ Spottiswoode's History, Edin., 1851, 3 vols. 8vo, vol. i., p. 91.

Page 330 note † Ib., p. 179.

Page 330 note ‡ Ib., pp. 198, 199.

Page 331 note * Spottiswoode's History, Edin., 1851, 3 vols. 8vo, vol. i., p. 92.

Page 331 note † The table, commonly called Bagiment's Roll, served as a rule for the prices taken of those who came to sue for benefices at the court of Rome (Spottiswoode's History, vol. i., p. 93).

Page 331 note ‡ Fordun's Scotichronicon, lib. x., c. 28.

Page 331 note § Wyntoun's Chronicle, Edin., 1872, vol. ii., p. 258.

Page 331 note * Spottiswoode's History, vol. i., p. 93; Wyntoun, vol. ii., p. 250.

Page 332 note * Dalrymple's Historical Collections, Edin., 1705, p. 217; Reg. Vet. de Aberd., 332; Jervise's Angus and Mearns, p. 347.

Page 332 note † Reg. Vet. de Aberbrothoc, passim.

Page 332 note § Ragman Roll, pp. 103, 109.

Page 332 note ¶ Reg. Epis. Aberd., p. 331.

Page 332 note ‡ Reg. Epis. Brechin., vol. i., p. 7.

Page 332 note ∥ Reg. Epis. Brechin., vol. i., pp. 59–61.

Page 333 note * Rotuli Compotorum in Scaccaris, vol. ii., p. 177.

Page 333 note † Chamberlain Rolls, ii. 117, iii. 367.

Page 333 note ‡ Rotuli Compotorum in Scaccaris, vol. iii., p. 366.

Page 333 note § Reg. Epis. Brechin., p. 58.

Page 333 note ¶ Ib., p. 96.

Page 333 note ∥ Ib., p. 59.

Page 333 note ** Ib., ii. 63.

Page 334 note * Reg. Epis. Brechin., ii. 117.

Page 334 note † Acts of Lords of Council, 1466–1494.

Page 335 note * Clerk of the Justiciary Court.

Page 335 note ‡ Reg. Mag. Sig., lib. xviii., No. 44.

Page 335 note § Colonel Leslie's Family of Leslie, vol. ii., p. 150.

Page 335 note † Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii.

Page 336 note * Fraser's Earls of Southesk, pp. lxv., lxvi.

Page 336 note † Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. ix., fol. 76.

Page 336 note ‡ Ib., vol. xxvii., fol. 51.

Page 336 note § Matrimonial Contract in Register of Deeds, dated 8th February 1560.

Page 336 note ∥ Protocol Register of Thomas Ireland, Notary Public, in the Town-Clerk's Office, Dundee.

Page 337 note * Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxviii., fol. 94b.

Page 337 note † Ib., vol. xxxviii., fol. 31.

Page 337 note ‡ Members of the family of Wishart, chiefly engaged in agricultural pursuits, resided at Carnebeg, in the parish of Fordoun, till the middle of the eighteenth century; they are represented by the Rev. James Wishart, pastor of Toxteth Church, Liverpool.

Page 337 note § Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxv., fol. 35.

Page 337 note ∥ Protocol Book of Thomas Ireland, in Town-Clerk's Office, Dundee.

Page 337 note ¶ Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xix., fol. 43.

Page 338 note * Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxvii., fol. 51.

Page 338 note † Knox's History, edit. 1846, vol. i., pp. 267–274, 337–350, 361–451.

Page 339 note * Knox's History, edit. 1846, vol. ii., pp. 45–52.

Page 339 note ‡ Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii., p. 526.

Page 339 note ∥ Knox's History, vol. ii., p. 304.

Page 339 note † Ib., pp. 61–64.

Page 339 note § Keith's History, p. 152.

Page 340 note * Knox's History, vol. ii., p. 314, note by Mr David Laing.

Page 340 note † Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxi., Nos. 3 and 5.

Page 340 note ‡ Knox's History, vol. ii., pp. 310, 311.

Page 340 note ∥ Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii., p. 536.

Page 340 note ** Ib., No. 131b.

Page 340 note § Ib., vol. ii., p. 356.

Page 340 note ¶ Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxii., No. 4.

Page 340 note †† Ib., vol. xxxiii., No. 48.

Page 341 note * Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxiii., No. 95b.

Page 341 note ‡ Ib., No. 122.

Page 341 note ¶ Ib No. 35.

Page 341 note § Ib., vol. xxxv., No. 45b.

Page 341 note † Ib., No. 115b.

Page 341 note ∥ Ib., No. 12b.

Page 341 note ** Ib., vol. xxxviii., No. 31.

Page 342 note * Acta Parl. Scot., vol. iii., pp. 476–478.

Page 342 note † Pitmedden MS.

Page 342 note ‡ Memoirs of Sir James Melvil, p. 186.

Page 342 note § Spottiswoode's History, Edin., 1851, vol. ii., p. 193; Melvil's Memoirs, p. 241.

Page 342 note ∥ Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xli., No. 90b.

Page 342 note ¶ Brunton and Haig's Senators of the College of Justice, p. 138.

Page 342 note * * Knox's History, ed. 1846, vol. ii., p. 311, note by Mr David Laing.

Page 342 note †† This gentlewoman was probably a daughter of David Wood of Craig, who was Comptroller from 1538 to 1546 (Sir John Scot's Staggering State, Edin., 1872, p. III, note by Goodal).

Page 343 note * Fraser's Earls of Southesk, pp. lxv., lxvi.

Page 343 note † Isobel Wishart, Prioress of the Grey Sisters at Dundee, received on the 16th May 1566 the gift of a nun's portion, “with chalmer, habite, silver, fyre, candill, and all other thinges necessare within the Abbey of North Berwick” (Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxv., p. 46).

Page 343 note ‡ Edin. Com. Reg., Testaments, vol. iv.

Page 343 note § Acta Parl. Scot., vol. iii., p. 105.

Page 343 note ∥ Inq. Spec, Kincardine, No. 4.

Page 344 note * Acta Parl. Scot., vol. lv., p. 80.

Page 344 note † Scot's Staggering State, Edin., 1872, p. 111.

Page 344 note ‡ The full title is, “Assertiones Theologicӕ pro vera verse Ecclesise Nota, qua: est solius Dei Adoratio: contra falsӕ Ecclesiӕ Creaturarum Adorationem. Rupell, 1603.” The work is extremely rare. A copy is preserved in the Bodleian Library.

Page 346 note * Sir John Scot records some gossip on the subject of this union, which it is undesirable to reproduce (Scot's Staggering State, ed. 1872, p. III).

Page 346 note † Pitcairn's Criminal Trials, vol. iii., p. 61.

Page 346 note ‡ The Christian name of young Wishart was William or Walter; the initials W. W., with the date 1622, are inscribed on a panel which formerly belonged to the Wishart family pew in the parish church of Fordoun (Jervise's Angus and Mearns, p. 387).

Page 347 note * Inquisitiones Speciales, Kincardine, No. 21.

Page 347 note † Scot's Staggering State, p. III.

Page 347 note ‡ Spottiswoode Miscellany, vol. i., pp. 110–136.

Page 347 note § James Balfour, second son of Sir James Balfour of Pittendriech, and brother of the first Lord Balfour of Burley, was created, 6th July 1619, Lord Balfour, Baron of Glenawly, in the county of Fermanagh.

Page 348 note * Spottiswoode Miscellany, vol. i., p. 134.

Page 348 note † Fraser's Earls of Southesk, p. lxvii. By the representative of Lord Carnegie, the estate of Pitarrow was sold in 1831 to Alexander Crombie of Phesdo, to whose family it still belongs.

Page 348 note ‡ Pitarrow Writs, quoted by Mr Fraser in his “Earls of Southesk.”

Page 348 note § Fasti Aberdonensis.

Page 349 note * Scott's Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. iii., p. 866; and vol. i., p. 99.

Page 349 note † This parish is now united to Borrowstounness.

Page 349 note ‡ A document addressed by the General Assembly of February 1645 to Charles I., reflecting on his conduct in the severest terms.

Page 350 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., p. 172.

Page 351 note * Particular Register of Sasines, 10th December 1726.

Page 352 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., pp. 56, 101.

Page 352 note † Ib., pp. 56, 121.

Page 353 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., pp. 59, 70.

Page 353 note † Lyon Register.

Page 354 note * Dalrymple's Historical Collections, 217; Reg. Vet. de Aberd., 332.

Page 354 note † Ragman Roll, p. 146.

Page 355 note * Rymer's Fœdera, vol. i., part ii., new ed., p. 996; Prynne; Edward I., p. 1156; Tytler's History of Scotland, Edin., 1869, 12mo, vol. i., pp. 89, 94.

Page 355 note † History of Glasgow, edited by the Rev. J. S. Gordon, D.D., Glasg., 1871, P. 53.

Page 355 note ‡ Burton's History of Scotland, Edin., 1873, vol. iii., P. 429; Innes's Sketches of Early Scottish History, Edin., 1861, p. 50.

Page 356 note * Gordon's History of Glasgow, p. 58.

Page 356 note ‡ Reg. Nig. de Aberd., pp. 47, 50.

Page 356 note ∥ Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. viii., fol. 195.

Page 356 note * * Ib., vol. xii., fol. 6.

Page 356 note † Rotuli Scotise, vol. ii., p. 8a.

Page 356 note § Ib.

Page 356 note ¶ Ib., vol. ix., fol. 72.

Page 357 note * Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xiii., fol. 93.

Page 357 note † Ib., vol. xiv., fol. 52b; Acta Parl. Scot., vol. ii., p. 379.

Page 357 note ‡ Edinburgh Com. Reg., Testaments, vol. ii.

Page 357 note § Record of Convention of Royal Burghs, Edin., 1866, 4to, vol. i., p. 10.

Page 357 note ∥ Reg. Sec. Sig., vol. xxxii., p.11b.

Page 357 note ¶ Wedderburn's Protocols in the Town-Clerk's Office, Dundee.

Page 358 note * Edinburgh Com. Reg., Testaments, vol. iii.

Page 358 note † Reg. Sec. Sig.

Page 358 note ‡ Inq. Spec. Forfar, Nos. 188, 189.

Page 358 note ∥ Genealogical MS. in the Lyon Office.

Page 358 note § Ib., No. 76.

Page 358 note ¶ Though the statement in the text as to the Bishop George Wishart's descent seems justified by the authority of Nisbet, we are only certain that the Bishop sprung from the House of Logie Wishart.

Page 360 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., p. 392; vol. ii., p. 394; vol. iii., p. 724.

Page 361 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., p. 392.

Page 361 note † Ib., vol. ii., p. 768.

Page 362 note * Genealogical MS. in the Lyon Office, p. 477.

Page 362 note † Nisbet's System of Heraldry, vol. i., p. 201.

Page 362 note ‡ Protocol Book of Thomas Ireland in the Town-Clerk's Office, Dundee.

Page 362 note § Reg. Episc. Brechin., p. 309, No. 272.

Page 362 note ¶ Ib., p. 286, No. 246.

Page 362 note * * Ib., p. 292, No. 253.

Page 362 note ∥ Ib., p. 215, No. 193.

Page 362 note †† Ib., p. 247, No. 189.

Page 363 note * Fasti Eccl. Scot., vol. i., pp. 597, 664; Montrose Parish Records.

Page 363 note † Montrose Parish Records.