A Study in the History of Clare, Suffolk; with Special Reference to its Development as a Borough (Alexander Prize Essay, 1928)

Gladys A. Thornton

doi:10.2307/3678540

A Study in the History of Clare, Suffolk; with Special Reference to its Development as a Borough (Alexander Prize Essay, 1928)

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 February 2009

Gladys A. Thornton

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Clare is situated in the south-west corner of Suffolk, in the valley of the Stour River. At the present day it is only a village, for its market is no longer held; yet its history shows that in earlier times it was of considerable importance, especially during the medieval period, when it was a favourite residence of the Clare lords. The town then had a busy market and a flourishing cloth-making industry; and at one time it seemed possible that Clare might attain full development as a borough, possessing as it did some burghal characteristics. In the following pages it is proposed to study in detail the history of Clare as a seignorial borough during the Middle Ages, and its subsequent development.

Type: Research Article
Information: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 11 , December 1928 , pp. 83 - 115

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3678540 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1928

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^{page 84 note 1} Dom. Bk., II, f. 389 b.

^{page 84 note 2} V.C.H. Suff., I, p. 595.

^{page 84 note 3} Ibid., I, p. 397.

^{page 84 note 4} See appendix, pp. 112–115.

^{page 85 note 1} Pollock, F. and Maitland, F. W., History of English Law, I, p. 640Google Scholar.

^{page 85 note 2} Dom. Bk., II, f. 389 b.

^{page 85 note 3} Maitland, F. W., Domesday Book and Beyond, p. 214Google Scholar.

^{page 85 note 4} E.g. Eynsham; cf. Ballard, A., British Borough Charters, 45, 68, 74, 157Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 1} Pollock, and Maitland, , op. cit., I, p. 640Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 2} Tait, J., Study of Early Municipal History in England, p. 14 (Proc. oj British Academy, Vol. X)Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 3} Ibid., p. 15.

^{page 87 note 1} See below, p. 103.

^{page 87 note 2} These were most probably taxative, not real carucates; cf. V.C.H. Suff., I, p. 357

^{page 87 note 3} Cf. B.M. Add. Chart., 1288; copy of Ct. R. of Erbury, alias Stoke cum Chilton, 1627.

^{page 87 note 4} Dom. Bk., II, f. 389 b.

^{page 87 note 5} Cf, Bateson, M., Eng. Hist. Rev., XVI, p. 340Google Scholar.

^{page 88 note 1} See below, p. 89.

^{page 88 note 2} Suff. Inst., XVIII, p 241.

^{page 88 note 3} Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum (Rec. Com.), I, p. 493a.

^{page 88 note 4} C.C.R., Hen. III, Vol. I, p. 200; Vol. III, pp. 210–11, etc.

^{page 88 note 5} Ibid., Ed. I, Vol. III, p. 518.

^{page 88 note 6} V.C.H. Suff., II, pp. 127–9.

^{page 89 note 1} There is now a Wentford farm on the road between Chilton and Poslingford.

^{page 89 note 2} Inq. p.m., C. Hen. III, F. 27 (5), m. 28.

^{page 89 note 3} Mins. Acct. 1109/T2.

^{page 89 note 4} Inq. p.m., C. Ed. I, F. 77 (3), m. 19.

^{page 90 note 1} Inq. p.m., C. Ed. I, F. 129, m. 42.

^{page 90 note 2} Ibid., C. Ed. II, F. 42, m. 2 (I).

^{page 90 note 3} Cf. Eynsham; see above, p. 85, note 4.

^{page 91 note 1} Ct. R. 203/72, Hock Tuesday, 21 Ed. IV.

^{page 91 note 2} Mins. Acct. 994/10.

^{page 91 note 3} Deeds in the possession of Mr. H. Deeks, Clare.

^{page 92 note 1} Hundred Rolls. Rec. Com., II, p. 199b.

^{page 92 note 2} , S. and Webb, B., Local Government: Manor and Borough, I, pp. 22–3Google Scholar, note.

^{page 92 note 3} Ct. R. 213/70, Hockday, 1 Ric. III.

^{page 92 note 4} Ibid., 203/36, Hock Tuesday, 21 Ed. IV.

^{page 93 note 1} Ibid., 203/39, F. of St. Laurence, 13 Ed II.

^{page 93 note 2} Ibid., 119/1841, 15 April, 31 Eliz.

^{page 93 note 3} Farley, Chilborne and Stradishall.

^{page 93 note 4} These figures are taken from the Ct. R. 213/70, passim (1483–4).

^{page 93 note 5} Ct. R. 203/40, Tues. after F. of St. Lucy, 4 Ed. III.

^{page 94 note 1} Ct. R. 203/38, Tues. after F. of the Annunc. B.V.M., 6 Ed. II.

^{page 95 note 1} Ibid., 203/48, March i, 25 Ed. III.

^{page 95 note 2} Lease in church chest. Date is torn (anno 15°…), but the inclusion of certain names, etc., prove that it is temp. Ric. II.

^{page 95 note 3} Ct. R. 203/41, Tues. before F. of St. Luke, 5 Ed. III.

^{page 95 note 4} Gretton, R. H., Burford Records, p. 13Google Scholar.

^{page 95 note 5} Inq. p.m. C. Ed. I, F. 129, m. 42.

^{page 96 note 1} Ct. R. 203/38, Tues. after Ascension, 6 Ed. II.

^{page 96 note 2} Ibid., F. of Beheading of St. John the Baptist, 12 Ed. II.

^{page 96 note 3} Ibid., 203/55, March 19, April 9, 33 Ed. III.

^{page 96 note 4} Ibid., 203/45, F. of St. James, 20 Ed. III.

^{page 96 note 5} See below, pp. 100–1.

^{page 96 note 6} Ct. R. 203/44, after F. of Epiphany, 18 Ed. III.

^{page 97 note 1} Ibid., 203/40, F. of St. John Evang., 2 Ed. III.

^{page 97 note 2} See below, pp. 100–1.

^{page 97 note 3} Ct. R. 203/45, /46, /47, passim.

^{page 97 note 4} Ibid., 203/57, April 13, 35 Ed. III.

^{page 98 note 1} Ct. R. 203/57, May 4.

^{page 98 note 2} Ibid., 203/38, after F. of St. Katherine, 11 Ed. II.

^{page 98 note 3} Ibid., 203/68, Nov. 25, 10 Hen. VI.

^{page 99 note 1} Ibid., 203/44, after F. of St. Gregory, 19 Ed. III.

^{page 99 note 2} Mins. Acct. 993/7.

^{page 99 note 3} Gosford Street, now Callis Street, at the north end of the town.

^{page 99 note 4} Mins. Acct. 994/2.

^{page 99 note 5} See above, p. 90.

^{page 99 note 6} Inq. p.m., C. Ed. III, F. 152 (5), m. 18.

^{page 99 note 7} Ibid., C. Ed. III, F. 208 (4), m. 14.

^{page 99 note 8} Ibid., C. Ric. II, F. 20 (I), m. 32.

^{page 100 note 1} Inq. p.m., C. 22, Ric. II, F. 104, m. 34.

^{page 100 note 2} Ibid., C. Hen. VI, F. 19, m. 18.

^{page 100 note 3} Mins. Acct. 992/15.

^{page 100 note 4} Ibid., 993/7.

^{page 100 note 5} Ibid., 994/10.

^{page 101 note 1} P.R.O. Early Chan. Proc. 62/419. 1480–3.

^{page 101 note 2} Mins. Acct. 994/12.

^{page 101 note 3} See above, pp. 96–7.

^{page 102 note 1} E.g. Mins. Acct., Hen. VII, 1449 (1495–6), and Mins. Acct., Hen. VII, 1457 (1506–7), etc.

^{page 102 note 2} Ibid., Hen. VII, 1455.

^{page 103 note 1} See above, pp. 86–7.

^{page 103 note 2} Tait, J., Medieval Manchester, Ch. II, pp. 42–59Google Scholar.

^{page 103 note 3} Ibid., p. 53.

^{page 103 note 4} Ibid., p. 54.

^{page 103 note 5} Ibid., p. 52.

^{page 104 note 1} R. H. Gretton, Burford Records, passim.

^{page 105 note 1} Ct. R. 203/57, Oct. 7, 34 Ed. III.

^{page 106 note 1} Until 1833.

^{page 106 note 2} Hodson, W. W., Short History of the Borough of Sudbury, pp. 33–4Google Scholar.

^{page 106 note 3} The original of this grant has not been found, but it must be between 1509 and 1534; cf. L. and P., Hen. VII, I (I), p. 48; VII, p. 145. See Appendix.

^{page 106 note 4} P.R.O. Patent Roll, 1 and 2 Ph. and M. 888, m. 3–5.

^{page 107 note 1} P.C.C. Dyngeley, 34. (Also Bury Will, XV, f. 37.) The Bury Will is transcribed in Suff. Inst., I, pp. 187–90. Cf. Article, ibid., pp. 278–85.

^{page 107 note 2} See above, pp. 92–3.

^{page 107 note 3} P.C.C. Pyckering, 10.

^{page 108 note 1} P.C.C. Dixy, 9.

^{page 108 note 2} Ct. R. 119/1838, before Oct. 11, 28 Eliz.

^{page 108 note 3} Book I of Verdicts, 1612–90, at Duchy of Lancaster Office. Loose papers of Verdicts, 1689–1813, at same Office. Book II, Verdicts, 1692–1833, at Office of J. O. Steed, Esq., Solicitor, Long Melford, Suffolk.

^{page 108 note 4} Verdicts I, Oct. 12, 1613.

^{page 108 note 5} Ibid., after Ct. held Oct. 11, 1614.

^{page 108 note 6} E.g. Jn. Poulter, deputy steward, 1701, for Sir Gervase Elwes, chief steward. Ibid., loose papers.

^{page 108 note 7} Duchy of Lane. Office.

^{page 109 note 1} 1595–1784. Kept in church safe.

^{page 109 note 2} P.R.O. Decree Roll, 183.

^{page 109 note 3} Vestry Book I, passim.

^{page 110 note 1} , S. and Webb, B., Local Government, Parish and County, pp. 221–7Google Scholar.

^{page 111 note 1} Verdicts I, April 23, 1650.

^{page 111 note 2} Verdicts II, Oct. 14, 1760.

^{page 111 note 3} Vestry Bk., I, passim.

^{page 111 note 4} Duchy of Lane. Office; letter to Rolla Rouse, dated Nov. 12, 1757.

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A Study in the History of Clare, Suffolk; with Special Reference to its Development as a Borough (Alexander Prize Essay, 1928)

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