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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 February 2009
Of late years the attention of the most distinguished English and foreign economic writers has been riveted upon that remarkably sudden expansion of English trade and commerce which took place during the first half of the fourteenth century.
The problem is, How did the insignificant peddling English traders of the eleventh, twelfth, and early thirteenth centuries so suddenly develop into the important political plutocracy of the fourteenth, a plutocracy so powerful that at one time it threatened to furnish the English constitution with a fourth estate, that of the merchants?
page 50 note 1 Winchester Cathedral Records: 2nd Charter of Ed. III., Introd. by Kitchin, G. W., D.D., p. 211Google Scholar.
page 51 note 1 Hall, Vide, Antiquities of the Excliequcr, p. 18 et seqGoogle Scholar.
page 52 note 1 Cunningham, , Industry and Commerce during the Early and Middle Ages (2nd ed.), p. 254Google Scholar.Vide also Addison, , Knights Templars (2 nd ed.), p, 488Google Scholar.
page 53 note 1 Vide Madox, , History of the Exchequer (2nd ed.), i. 261Google Scholar.
page 56 note 1 Vide Devon's Issue Roll of the 44th Ed. III.
page 57 note 1 For ‘safe conducts’ for merchants and their servants trading in various parts of the realm vide Patent Rolls, Ed. III., e.g. 5 Ed. III. Part I. m. 40, Jan. 30; m. 35, Feb. 4; m. 32, Feb. 18; m. 31, Feb. 14 and Feb. 18; m. 24, March 20; &c, &c.
page 58 note 1 Vide, Letters from the Mayor and Corporation, 1343Google Scholar, &c.
page 59 note 1 Vide Hardy's syllabus of Rymer's, Fadera, pp. 272, 279, 293, 314Google Scholar.
page 59 note 2 Vide Herbert, , Hist, of the Livery Companies, pp. 232–4Google Scholar.
page 61 note 1 Cf. also Archeoi. xxviii.
page 62 note 1 Stubbs, ii. 448, quoted by Kingdon, Facsimile of Grocers' Arechives, Introduction.
page 63 note 1 See Petition in Parliament, 1363.
page 65 note 1 Rolls, ii. 160.
page 67 note 1 Issue Rolls, 14 Ed. III.
page 67 note 2 Issue Roll; vide 13, 22 Ed. III. 29 Ed. III.
page 68 note 1 Petitions in Parliament, 1376.
page 70 note 1 See ‘An Account of the Grocers ' Company,’ 1682, Tracts on Trade, Brit. Mus. Cat. 712, m. I.
page 70 note 2 The other MSS. of the Company having been burnt, together with their hail, in the Great Fire of London.
page 71 note 1 Petitions in Parliament, 1363.