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Hippocrates Latinus: Repertorium of Hippocratic Writings in the Latin Middle Ages (IV)
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 July 2017
Extract
The following pages continue the survey or Repertorium of Hippocratic writings in the Latin Middle Ages before 1500, begun in Traditio 31 (1975) 99–126 and continued in succeeding issues. This issue covers twelve tracts (including some fragments and spurious compilations): VIII. De Cancro, IX. Capsula Eburnea (De Carnibus), X. Chirurgia, XI. De Cibis or Diaeta, XII. De Comate, XIII. De Contemptu Mundi, XIV. Dies Critici, XV. Dies Egypliaci, XVI. Dinamidia, XVII. Dogma, XVIII. De elementis, and XIX. Epidemiol.
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References
1 For this and the following see below; also, in addition to the references cited in my earlier article in BHM 18 (1945) 391 notes 123–127, Singer, C., Greek Biology and Greek Medicine (Oxford 1922) 93; Temkin, O., Galenism: Rise and Decline of a Medical Philosophy (Ithaca, N.Y. 1973) 65.Google Scholar
2 See especially MS Cambridge CUg 117 (186), 13–14c, f. 220, below; also Sudhoff, , in Archiv 8 (1915) 78 and 81; and Archiv 9 (1916) 82 ff.Google Scholar
3 See especially MS Monte Cassino 69, 9c, below, where the physician's name appears as Pandosius. However the name is not found in Pauly-Wissowa.Google Scholar
4 Kibre, in BHM 18 (1945) note 124, for MSS in English, French, and Italian; also Robbins, R. H., ‘Medical Manuscripts in Middle English,’ Speculum 45 (1970) 393–415, esp. 409 n. 47. In addition to these works noted by Professor Robbins is London BMadd 34, III, 15c, ff. 231r–233r, ‘Secreta Ypocratis. Here begynneth the privates of the Gods man and a wyse that was Ycleped Ypocras…’; and ff. 235v–238v, where the account is repeated. Still others are BMsl 405, 15c, f. 123r, ‘Signa mortis per Hippocratem. Here begynneth this tokeness of Ypocras…’; BMsl 706, ‘Hippocrates Capsula’, and BMsl 715, item 10, ‘De vita et morte.’ For further ‘Signa mortis’ see Robbins, R. H., ‘Signs of Death in Middle English,’ Mediaeval Studies 32 (1970) 282–298. French texts are noted by Ayscough, S., Catalogue of Sloane MSS (1782) 558: BMsl 1611, ff. 143–47. See also Paris BNfr 19994, 14c, ff. 202–213, Capsula or Death signs, and Meyer, P., Romania 32 (1903) 98–99, ‘Des pronistics de la mort,’ in a Cambridge MS of the 14th century. A German version is reported by Sudhoff in Archiv 9 (1916) 79 ff., 200 ff; and an Italian version, the ‘Epistola de pronostichi d'Ypocrate trovata sotto al suo capo nel sepolcro, ove sono molti secreti dell'arte della medicina,’ a 14th- or 15th-century text, was published in Scelta di curiosità lett. 67 (1866) 53 ff.Google Scholar
page 208 note 1 Cf. Sudhoff, Karl, ‘Diaeta Theodori,’ Archiv 8 (1915) 337–403; Littré IX 98–120; Diels 33.Google Scholar
page 208 note 2 Printed as by Hippocrates after St. Hildegard, , Physica (Strasbourg, apud Johannem Schottum, 1533) 245; also in Experimentarius Medicinae (Ibid., 1544): ‘Theodori Dietam… Hippocratis item brevissimam per singulos anni menses’ (New York Academy of Medicine).Google Scholar
page 208 note 3 Anonymus texts which correspond to those attributed to Hippocrates elsewhere are included in the listing below.Google Scholar
page 208 note 4 Temkin, O., Galenism (Ithaca N. Y. 1973) 154; Beccaria, , Italia medioevale e umanistica 2 (1959) 22, 34. See further Puhlmann, W., ‘Die lateinische medizinische Literatur des frühen Mittelalters,’ Kyklos 3 (1930) at 404–416; also Sudhoff, K., ‘Diaeta Theodori,’ Archiv 8 (1915) 377–403, esp. the introduction at 377–378; and Marcellus [Empiricus], in Corpus medicorum Latinorum V (Leipzig 1916) 10–13: ‘Epistola ad Antiochum,’ and 13–17: ‘Epistola ad Maecenatem.’ See for Ancient Medicine (Jones, W. H. S., in Loeb Classical Library) I 17 ff., 25–29; for Aphorisms, Ibid. TV 103–107, 113 ff.; Regimen in Acute Diseases, Ibid. II 67 ff.; 85 ff.; Regimen in Health, Ibid. IV 45–55; Regimen I, Ibid. IV 227–231; also Regimen II and Regimen III, Ibid. IV, 307–343, 367 ff.Google Scholar
page 212 note 1 Greek text ed. Mewaldt, J., Corpus Medicorum Graecorum IX 2 (1915) 179–194; Diels 83; Kühn VI 643; also Mewaldt, J., ‘Eine Fälschung Chartiers in Galens Schrift über das Koma,’ Sb. Akad. Berlin (1913) 256–270; and Schöne, H., ‘Zu Galens Schrift πεϱὶ τοῦ παϱ’ ‘Ιπποχϱάτει χώματος,’ Rheinisches Museum 71 (1916) 388–405.Google Scholar
page 213 note 1 Scriptores physiognomonici Graeci et Latini (ed. Foerster, R.; 2 vol., Leipzig 1893) I lxxxvii ff.; Thorndike I 25; Aristotle, , History of Animals (tr. Thompson, D'Arcy [Oxford 1910] p. xxx); 491b12–492a12, 493b32, 494a15.Google Scholar
page 213 note 2 ‘Physiognomoniae secreti secretorum Pseudo-Aristotelici versiones latinae,’ Scriptores physiognomonici Graeci et Latini II 187.Google Scholar
page 213 note 3 ‘Quaestiones super De animalibus,’ ed. Filthaut, Ephrem, in Alberti Magni Opera omnia XII (Münster/W. 1955) 77–321; esp. pp. 94–95, Book I, question 21: ‘Utrum physiognomia sit possibilis haberi per partes corporis,’ anecdote of the life of Hippocrates, p. 95, said to be from Aristotle (according to the editor it is actually from Secr. secret. de phys. of pseudo-Aristotle).Google Scholar
The passage follows: ‘Dicit enim philosophus quod discipuli Hippocratis figuram eius optime depictam ostendebant optimo physiognomo Philotimo, et quaerebant ab eo naturales mores eius cuius erat imago, et ipse inspecta imagine dixit, quod erat instabilis et incontinens. Et ipsi mirantes et dedignantes, quod de tali viro tanta dixisset, rettulerunt Hippocrati, et ipse respondit, quod ille physiognomus verum dixerat. Sed ipse dixit, quod per discretionem intellectus et amorem studii et virtutis mores naturales mutaverat in contrarium.’ The above passage was drawn to my attention by Professor Nancy Siraisi of Hunter College.
page 215 note 1 See Littré, M. E., ‘Traduction latine inedite du traité des Semaines, livre attribué à Hippocrate’ (1837) 14; also Littré I (1839) 398–400.Google Scholar
page 215 note 2 See Thorndike, I 685–688; 695–696; Steele, R., ‘Dies Aegyptiaci,’ Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 13 (1920) 6; Littré I 399; McKinney, L. C., Early Medieval Medicine (Baltimore 1937) 202; also Keil, G., ‘Die verworfenen Tage,’ Sudhoffs Archiv 41 (1957) 27–58.Google Scholar
page 216 note 1 See Mackinney, L. C., 'Dynamidia in Medieval Medical Literature,' Isis 24 (1936) at 404 ff.; and his 'Multiple Explicits of a Medieval Dynamidia,' Osiris 10 (1952) 195–205; also Puhlmann, W., 'Die lateinische medizinische Literatur des frühen Mittelalters,' Kyklos 3 (1930) at 404–06.Google Scholar
page 219 note 1 See Diels, (1905) 46, 53, 63–64, 113, 131; TK 496, 984, 1269, 1274; Durling, R., ‘Corrigenda and Addenda to Diels’ Galenica,' Traditio 23 (1967) 461–76 at 465.Google Scholar
page 222 note 1 Littré II 593–594; V 40–41. I have not had the opportunity to consult the recent edition: Ioannis Alexandrini Commentaria in sextum librum Hippocratis Epidemiarum (recognovit et adnotatione instruxit Pritchet, C. D.; Leiden 1976).Google Scholar
page 222 note 2 Temkin, , in Kyklos 4 (1932) at 51 ff., 67; Rose, V., 'Ion's Reisebilder und Ioannes Alexandrinus der Arzt,' Hermes 5 (1871) 205–15. A Liber Epidemiarum is included in the twelfth century along with several other Hippocratic works in a list of books donated to St. Cuthbert's church at Durham by master Herebutus, a physician: Becker, , Catalogi bibliothecarum antiqui (Bonn 1885) 243 items 117, 465. The work was reproduced not only in Latin manuscripts, but also in incunabula editions of the Articella: Klebs 116.2–6; also in the sixteenth century Articella of Lyons, 1525, etc. See the Littré reference in note 1 above.Google Scholar
page 222 note 3 The Galenic commentary to the sixth book is extant only in Latin translation. See Fuchs, R., 'Geschichte der Heilkunde bei den Griechen,' in: Puschmann Handbuch I 205; Diels, (1905) 10, 19, 104; Diels (1906) 51; and the manuscripts listed below; also Littré V 267–357. The work was included in the thirteenth-century Biblionomia of Richard of Furnival (Delisle, , Cabinet II 533 item 133).Google Scholar
page 222 note 4 For the handsome MS in the Laurentian Library at Florence see below. The text is preceded by a letter of dedication to Pope Leo X, by the translator. Bandini (III 31) dates the MS as 15th century. However, if the letter of dedication to Pope Leo X represents the date of the completion of the translation, it should be dated early 16th century, since Leo X did not become pope until 1513.Google Scholar