Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T19:00:06.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Neuroendocrine Study of the Mechanism of Action of ECT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

A. P. Slade
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5; Honorary Registrar, The London Hospital
S. A. Checkley
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry; Honorary Consultant, Maudsley Hospital

Summary

To test the possibility that the antidepressant action of ECT is due to an enhanced responsiveness to the stimulation of monoamine receptors, we have measured pituitary hormone responses to test doses of clonidine and methylamphetamine in depressed patients before and after a course of ECT.

There was no enhancement of the growth hormone response to either drug following a course of ECT. Cortisol responses to methylamphetamine were enhanced, but probably this was secondary to the partial or complete recovery of the patients. Further neuroendocrine studies of the mechanism of action of ECT in man are needed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1980 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bond, A. J. & Lader, M. H. (1974) The use of analogue scales in rating subjective feelings. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 47, 211–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carney, M. W. P., Roth, M. & Garside, R. F. (1965) The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 659–74.Google Scholar
Checkley, S. A. (1978) A new distinction between the euphoric and the antidepressant effects of methylamphetamine. British Journal of Psychiatry, 133, 416–23.Google Scholar
Checkley, S. A. (1979) Corticosteroid and growth hormone responses to methylamphetamine in depressive illness. Psychological Medicine, 9, 107–15.Google Scholar
Checkley, S. A. (1980) Neuroendocrine tests of monoamine function in man: a review of basic theory and its application to the study of depressive illness. Psychological Medicine, 10, 3553.Google Scholar
Checkley, S. A. & Crammer, J. L. (1977) Hormone responses to methylamphetamine in depression: a new approach to the noradrenaline depletion hypothesis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 582–6.Google Scholar
Crow, T. J. (1979) The scientific status of electroconvulsive therapy. Psychological Medicine, 9, 401–8.Google Scholar
Eden, S. & Modigh, K. (1977) Effects of apomorphine and clonidine on rat plasma growth hormone after pre-treatment with reserpine and electroconvulsive shock. Brain Research, 129, 379–84.Google Scholar
Evans, J., Grahame-Smith, D. G., Green, A. R. & Tordoff, A. F. C. (1976) Electroconvulsive shock increases the behavioural responses of rats to brain 5-hydroxytryptamine accumulation and central nervous system stimulant drugs. British Journal of Pharmacology, 56, 193–9.Google Scholar
Grahame-Smith, D. G., Green, A. R. & Costain, D. W. (1978) Mechanism of the anti-depressant action of electroconvulsive therapy. Lancet, i, 254–6.Google Scholar
Green, A. R., Heal, D. J. & Grahame-Smith, D. G. (1977) Further observations on the effect of repeated electroconvulsive shock on the behavioural responses of rats produced by increases in the functional activity of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine. Psychopharmacology, 52, 195200.Google Scholar
Green, A. R., Bloomfield, M. R., Atterwill, C. K. & Costain, D. W. (1979) Electroconvulsive shock reduces the cataleptogenic effect of both haloperidol and arecoline in rats. Neuropharmacology, 18, 447–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamilton, M. (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 278–96.Google Scholar
Heal, D. J. & Green, A. R. (1978) Repeated electroconvulsive shock increases the behavioural responses of rats to injection of both dopamine and dibutyryl cyclic AMP into the nucleus accumbens. Neuropharmacology, 17, 1085–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lal, S., Tolis, G., Martin, J. B., Brown, G. M. & Guyda, H. (1975) Effect of clonidine on growth hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the serum of normal men. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 41, 827–32.Google Scholar
Modigh, K. (1975) Electroconvulsive shock and postsynaptic catecholamine effects: increased psychomotor stimulant action of apomorphine and clonidine in reserpine pre-treated mice by repeated ECS. Journal of Neural Transmission, 36, 1932.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royal College of Psychiatrists (1977) Memorandum on the use of electroconvulsive therapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 261–72.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Robbins, E. (1977) Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for a Selected Group of Functional Disorders. 3rd edition. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.Google Scholar
Steiner, J. A. (1979) The effect of electroconvulsive shock and drugs acting upon the central nervous system on neuroendocrine control mechanisms in the rat. D. Phil. Thesis: University of Oxford.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.