Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T22:39:24.786Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Hormone Responses to Methylamphetamine in Depression: a New Approach to the Noradrenaline Depletion Hypothesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

S. A. Checkley
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry; The Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5
J. L. Crammer
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry; The Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5

Extract

SUMMARY The corticosteroid response to methylamphetamine was lower in ten patients when they were depressed than when they were recovered (P < ·026). The growth hormone responses to the same injection in the depressed and recovered states were not significantly different. This pattern of responses is seen in normal subjects after blockade of alpha adrenergic receptors. These findings may indicate a functional deficiency of noradrenaline at alpha adrenergic receptors in these patients during the time they are depressed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1977 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Besser, G. M., Butler, P. W. P., Landon, J. & Rees, L. (1969) Influence of amphetamines on plasma corticosteroid and growth hormone levels in man. British Medical Journal, iv, 528–30.Google Scholar
Brownlee, G. & Williams, G. W. (1963) Potentiation of amphetamine and pethidine by monoamineoxidase inhibitors. Lancet, i, 699.Google Scholar
Butler, P., Besser, G. M. & Steinberg, H. (1968) Changes in plasma Cortisol induced by dexamphetamine and chlordiazepoxide given alone and in combination in man. Journal of Endocrinology, 40, 391–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carney, M. W. P., Roth, M. & Garside, R. F. (1965) The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 659–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, B. J. & Mendels, J. (1976) Neuroendocrine regulation in affective disorders. In Hormones, Behavior and Psychopathology (ed. Sachar, E. J.), pp 193224. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Davis, B. D., Carroll, B. J. & Mowbray, R. M. (1972) Depressive Illness: Some Research Studies. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas.Google Scholar
Endo, M., Endo, J., Nishikubo, M., Yamaguch, T. & Hatotani, N. (1975) Endocrine studies in depression. In Psychoendocrinology (ed. Hatotani, N.), pp 2231. Basel: Karger.Google Scholar
Estler, C.-J. (1975) Effect of amphetamine-type psychostimulants on brain metabolism. Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 13, 305–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, H. & Erikson, R. W. (1964) The effect of some drugs upon brain histamine content. International Journal of Neuropharmacology, 3, 315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gruen, P. H., Sachar, E. J., Altman, N. & Sassin, J. (1975) Growth hormone response to hypoglycaemia in post-menopausal depressed women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 32, 31–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, M. (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 278–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herxheimer, H. (1972) Thymoxamine in bronchial asthma. Lancet, ii, 491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnsson, L.-E., Anggard, E. & Gunne, L.-M. (1971) Blockade of intravenous amphetamine euphoria in man. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 12, 889–96.Google Scholar
Langer, G., Heinze, G., Reim, B. & Matussek, N. (1976) Reduced growth hormone responses to amphetamine in ‘endogenous’ depressive patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 1471–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingly, D. (1962) A simple fluorometric method for the estimation of free 11-hydroxycorticoids in human plasma. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 15, 374–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noble, P. J. & Lader, M. H. (1971) The symptomatic correlates of the skin conductance changes in depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 9, 61–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perris, C. (1975) The bipolar-unipolar dichotomy and the need for a consistent terminology. Neuropsychobiology, 1, 65–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rees, L., Butler, P. W. P., Gosling, C. & Besser, G. M. (1970) Adrenergic blockade and the corticosteroid and growth hormone response to methylamphetamine. Nature, 228, 565–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sachar, E. J., Finkelstein, J. & Hellman, L. (1971) Growth hormone responses in depressive illness. I. Response to insulin tolerance test. Archives of General Psychiatry, 25, 263–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schildkraut, J. J. (1975) Norepinephrine metabolism after short- and long-term administration of tricyclic anti-depressants and electroconvulsive shock. Advances in Biochemical Pharmacology, 13, 137–54.Google Scholar
Sonksen, P. H., Tompkins, C. V., Srivasta, M. C. & Nabarro, J. D. N. (1974) Insulin and proinsulin metabolism in man. Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine, 45, 633–54.Google Scholar
Sulser, F. & Dingell, J. V. (1968) Potentiation and blockade of the central action of amphetamine by chlorpromazine. Biochemical Pharmacology, 17, 634–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sulser, S. J. & Sanders-Bush, E. (1971) Effects of drugs on amines in the C.N.S. Annual Review of Pharmacology, 11, 209–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Kammen, D. P. & Murphy, D. L. (1975) Attenuation of the euphoriant and activating effects of d- and l-amphetamine by lithium carbonate treatment. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.), 44, 215–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.