Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:06:21.641Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Further Investigation of the Predictors of Outcome Following First Schizophrenic Episodes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Eve C. Johnstone ,
J. Fiona Macmillan ,
Christopher D. Frith ,
Desmond K. Benn  and
Timothy J. Crow
Eve C. Johnstone*
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, University Department of Psychiatry, The Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF
J. Fiona Macmillan
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham (Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre)
Christopher D. Frith
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre
Desmond K. Benn
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Northern Regional Health Authority
Timothy J. Crow
Affiliation:
Northwick Park Hospital and Clinical Research Centre
*
∗Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The outcome at two years of patients who were eligible for a study of first schizophrenic episodes was assessed in terms of occupation (n = 237) and in terms of number of days spent as an in-patient from the time of first admission (n = 252), and was related to social, behavioural, mental state and neurological measures during the initial admission. Poor outcome was in general associated with more social withdrawal, inactivity and abnormal social presentation and with more ‘neurological soft signs'. Good occupational outcome in patients with a relatively short pre-treatment duration of illness was associated with the prescription of placebo medication during the follow-up period.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 157 , Issue 2 , August 1990 , pp. 182 - 189
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1990 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ayd, F. J. (1960) A survey of drug induced extra pyramidal reactions. Journal of the American Medical Association, 175, 1054–1060.Google Scholar
Bromet, E., Harrow, M. & Kasl, S. (1974) Premorbid functioning and outcome in schizophrenics and non-schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry, 30, 203–207.Google Scholar
Carpenter, W. T., Bartko, J. J., Strauss, J. S., et al (1978) Signs and symptoms as predictors of outcome: a report from the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 940–944.Google ScholarPubMed
Crow, T. J., Macmillan, J. F., Johnson, A. L., et al (1986) The Northwick Park study of first episodes of schizophrenia. II. A randomised controlled trial of prophylactic neuroleptic treatment. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 120–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, L. M. (1965) Expanded Manual for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test. Minneapolis: Minneapolis American Guidance Service.Google Scholar
Gittleman-Klein, R. & Klein, D. F. (1969) Premorbid asocial adjustment and prognosis in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 7, 35–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrow, M., Westermeyer, L. F., Silverstein, M., et al (1986) Predictors of outcome in schizophrenia: the process-reactive dimension. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 195–206.Google Scholar
Hertzig, M. & Birch, H. (1966) Neurologic organization in psychiatrically disturbed adolescent girls. Archives of General Psychiatry, 15, 590–598.Google Scholar
Hertzig, M. & Birch, H. (1968) Neurologic organization in psychiatrically disturbed adolescents: a comparative consideration of sex differences. Archives of General Psychiatry, 19, 528–537.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Her Majesty's Stationery Office (1980) Classification of Occupations of the Registrar General. London: HMSO.Google Scholar
Jablensky, A., Schwartz, R. & Tomov, T. (1980) World Health Organization collaborative study on impairments and disabilities associated with the schizophrenic disorders. A preliminary communication: objectives and methods. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 62 (suppl.), 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnstone, E. C., Crow, T. J., Johnson, A. L., et al (1986) The Northwick Park study of first episodes of schizophrenia. I. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 115–120.Google Scholar
Macmillan, J. F., Gold, A., Crow, T. J., et al (1986) The Northwick Park study of first episodes of schizophrenia. III. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 128–133.Google Scholar
Marsden, C. D., Mindham, R. H. S. & Mackay, A. V. P. (1986) Extrapyramidal movement disorders produced by antipsychotic drugs. In The Pharmacology and Treatment of Schizophrenia (eds P. B. Bradley & S. R. Hirsch), pp. 340–402. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications.Google Scholar
Mosher, L., Pollin, W. & Stabenay, J. (1971) Identical twins discordant for schizophrenia: neurologic findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 24, 422–430.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quitkin, F., Rifkin, A. & Klein, D. F. (1976) Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia and character disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 845–853.Google Scholar
Rochford, J. M., Detre, T., Tucker, G. J., et al (1970) Neurophysiological impairments in functional psychiatric diseases. Archives of General Psychiatry, 22, 114–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosen, B., Klein, D. F. & Gittleman-Klein, R. (1971) The prediction of rehospitalisation: the relationship between age of first psychiatric treatment contact, mental states and premarked asocial adjustment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 152, 17–22.Google Scholar
Stephens, L. H. (1978) Long-term prognosis and follow-up in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 4, 25–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strauss, J. S. & Carpenter, W. T. (1974) The prediction of outcome in schizophrenia. II. Relationships between predictors and outcome variables. Archives of General Psychiatry, 31, 37–42.Google Scholar
Torrey, E. F. (1980) Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients. Biological Psychiatry, 15, 381–338.Google Scholar
Wechsler, D. (1958) The Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Withers, E. & Hinton, J. (1971) Three forms of the clinical tests of the sensorium and their reliability. British Journal of Psychiatry, 119, 1–8.Google Scholar
Woods, B. T., Kinney, D. K. & Yurgelun-Todd, D. (1986) Neurologic abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their families. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 657–663.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.