Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T18:42:18.813Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Behavioural Approaches to the Management of Sexual Deviations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Keith Hawton
Keith Hawton*
Affiliation:
University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The history of treatment approaches used to help individuals troubled by sexual deviation or variation is notable for the way it has reflected the changing attitudes of both society and medicine to such behaviour. In recent years the range of behavioural techniques has broadened considerably with the introduction of, for example, cognitive forms of treatment and a change in emphasis away from the suppression of deviant sexual behaviour and towards the positive development of desired behaviour. In addition, as with behaviour therapy in general, a more flexible approach to management has developed with much greater emphasis on designing treatment on the basis of each individual patient's needs. Furthermore, there has been a marked reduction in the number of requests received for help with deviant sexual interest. This reflects both the changes that are occurring in social attitudes to sexuality in general, and homosexuality in particular, which have reduced the pressures on individuals to abandon their personal styles of sexual behaviour, and the development of self-help groups and minority organisations.

Type
Symposium on Sexual Deviation
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 143 , Issue 3 , September 1983 , pp. 248 - 255
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alford, G. S., Webster, J. S. & Sanders, S. H. (1980) Covert aversion of two interrelated deviant sexual practices: obscene phone calling and exhibitionism. A single case analysis. Behaviour Therapy, 11, 15–25.Google Scholar
Bancroft, J. (1970) A comparative study of aversion and desensitization in the treatment of homosexuality. In Behaviour Therapy in the 1970's, (eds. Burns, L. E. and Worsley, J. L.). Bristol: Wright.Google Scholar
Bancroft, J. (1971) The application of psychophysiological methods to the assessment and modification of sexual behaviour. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 9, 119–30.Google Scholar
Bancroft, J. (1974) Deviant Sexual Behaviour: Modification and Assessment. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bancroft, J. & Marks, I. (1968) Electrical aversion therapy of sexual deviations. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 61, 796–9.Google Scholar
Bandura, A. (1969) Principles of Behaviour Modification. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
Barlow, D. H. (1973) Increasing heterosexual responsiveness in the treatment of sexual deviation: a review of the clinical and experimental evidence. Behaviour Therapy, 4, 655–71.Google Scholar
Barlow, D. H. & Abel, G. G. (1981) Recent developments in assessment and treatment of paraphilias and gender-identity disordrs. In Behaviour Modification: Principles, Issues, and Applications, (eds. Craighead, W. E. and Kazdin, A. E.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Barlow, D. H. & Agras, W. S. (1973) Fading to increase heterosexual responsiveness in homosexuals. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 6, 355–66.Google Scholar
Brownell, K. D., Hayes, S. C. & Barlow, D. H. (1977) Patterns of appropriate and deviant sexual arousal: the behavioural treatment of multiple sexual deviations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 1144–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Callahan, E. J. & Leitenberg, H. (1973) Aversion therapy for sexual deviation. Contingent shock and covert sensitization. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 81, 60–73.Google Scholar
Cautela, J. R. (1967) Covert sensitization. Psychological Reports, 20, 459–68.Google Scholar
Cautela, J. R. & Wisocki, P. A. (1969) The use of male and female therapists in the treatment of homosexual behaviour. In Advances in Behaviour Therapy, 1968, (eds. Rubin, R. D. and Franks, C. M.). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Cautela, J. R. & Wisocki, P. A. (1971) Covert sensitization for the treatment of sexual deviation. Psychological Record, 21, 37–48.Google Scholar
Chiswick, D. (1983) Sex Crimes. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 000–000.Google Scholar
Conrad, S. R. & Wisocki, J. P. (1976) Orgasmic reconditioning: a controlled study of its effects upon the sexual arousal and behaviour of adult male homosexuals. Behaviour Therapy, 7, 155–66.Google Scholar
Evans, D. R. (1970) Subjective variables and treatment effects in aversion therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 8, 147–52.Google Scholar
Feldman, M. P. & MacCulloch, M. J. (1971) Homosexual Behaviour: Therapy and Assessment. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Hawton, K. (1982) The behavioural treatment of sexual dysfunction. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 94–101.Google Scholar
James, S. (1978) Treatment of homosexuality: II. Superiority of desensitization/arousal as compared with anticipatory avoidance conditioning: results of a controlled trial. Behaviour Therapy, 9, 28–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, I. H. & Frei, D. (1977) Provoked anxiety as a treatment of exhibitionism. British Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 295–300.Google Scholar
Kantorovich, N. V. (1930) An attempt at associate reflex therapy in alcoholism. Psychological Abstracts, 4282.Google Scholar
Kohlenberg, R. J. (1974) Treatment of a homosexual paedophiliac using in vivo sensitization: a case study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 192–5.Google Scholar
McConaghy, N. (1969) Subjective and penile plethysmograph responses following aversion-relief and apomorphine aversion therapy for homosexual impulses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 115, 723–30.Google Scholar
McGuire, R. J., Carlisle, J. M. & Young, B. G. (1965) Sexual deviation as conditioned behaviour: a hypothesis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 3, 185–90.Google Scholar
Maletzky, B. M. (1973) “Assisted” covert sensitization: a preliminary report. Behaviour Therapy, 4, 117–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maletzky, B. M. (1980) “Assisted” covert sensitization in the treatment of exhibitionism. In Exhibitionism: Description, Assessment and Treatment, (eds. Cox, D. J. and Daitzman, R. J.). New York: Garland Press.Google Scholar
Marks, I. (1978) Behavioural therapy of adult neurosis. In Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behaviour Change: An Empirical Analysis, (eds. Garfield, S. L. and Bergin, A. E.). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Marks, I. & Gelder, M. G. (1967) Transvestism and fetishism: clinical and physiological changes during faradic aversion. British Journal of Psychiatry, 113, 711–30.Google Scholar
Marks, I., Gelder, M. G. & Bancroft, J. (1970) Sexual deviants two years after electrical aversion. British Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 173–85.Google Scholar
Marks, I. & Sartorius, N. H. (1968) A contribution to the measurement of sexual attitude. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 145, 441–51.Google Scholar
Mastellone, M. (1974) Aversion therapy: a new use for the old rubber band. Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 5, 311–2.Google Scholar
Masters, W. H. & Johnson, V. E. (1970) Human Sexual Inadequacy. London: Churchill.Google Scholar
Masters, W. H. & Johnson, V. E. (1979) Homosexuality in Perspective. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Osgood, C. E., Suci, G. J. & Tannenbaum, P. H. (1957) The Measurement of Meaning. Urban a: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Rachman, S. & Teasedale, J. (1969) Aversion Therapy and Behaviour Disorders: An Analysis. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Reitz, W. R. & Keil, W. E. (1971) Behavioural treatment of an exhibitionist. Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2, 61–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rooth, G. (1980) Exhibitionism: an eclectic approach to management. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 23, 366–70.Google Scholar
Rooth, F. G. & Marks, I. M. (1974) Persistent exhibitionism: short-term response to self-regulation and relaxation treatment. Archives of Sexual Behaviour, 3, 227–48.Google Scholar
Rosen, R. C. & Kopel, S. A. (1977) Penile plethysmography and biofeedback in the treatment of a transvestite— exhibitionist. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 908–16.Google Scholar
Serber, M. (1970) Shame aversion therapy. Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1, 213–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorpe, J. G., Schmidt, E., Brown, P. & Castell, D. (1964) Aversion-relief therapy: a new method for general application. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2, 71–82.Google Scholar
Yardley, K. M. (1976) Training in feminine skills in a male transsexual: a pre-operative procedure. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 49, 329–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.