Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:26:25.303Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tardive Dyskinesia in Schizophrenia: Relationship to Minor Physical Anomalies, Frontal Lobe Dysfunction and Cerebral Structure on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

John L. Waddington ,
Eadbhard O'Callaghan ,
Peter Buckley ,
Cathy Madigan ,
Oonagh Redmond ,
John P. Stack ,
Anthony Kinsella ,
Conall Larkin  and
Joseph T. Ennis
John L. Waddington*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Eadbhard O'Callaghan
Affiliation:
St John of God Psychiatric Service, Co. Dublin
Peter Buckley
Affiliation:
St John of God Psychiatric Service, Co. Dublin
Cathy Madigan
Affiliation:
St John of God Psychiatric Service, Co. Dublin
Oonagh Redmond
Affiliation:
Mater Hospital, Dublin
John P. Stack
Affiliation:
Mater Hospital, Dublin
Anthony Kinsella
Affiliation:
Dublin Institute of Technology
Conall Larkin
Affiliation:
St John of God Hospital, Co. Dublin
Joseph T. Ennis
Affiliation:
Mater Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
*
Professor John L. Waddington, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland. Fax: (353) (1) 4780625
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Background

It was hypothesised that schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia show an excess of neurodevelopmental disturbance, particularly minor physical anomalies, in association with cognitive dysfunction and abnormalities of cerebral structure.

Method

Forty-seven out-patients with a DSM–III diagnosis of schizophrenia were examined for tardive dyskinesia using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale; they were examined also for minor physical anomalies and neuropsychological test performance. Cortical atrophy, signal hyperintensities and lateral ventricular volume were determined on magnetic resonance imaging.

Results

Patients with and without tardive dyskinesia could not be distinguished by age, gender distribution or a number of clinical measures; however, patients with tardive dyskinesia sorted fewer categories on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (P = 0.04). Cerebral structure in patients with and without tardive dyskinesia could not be distinguished on magnetic resonance imaging but those with dyskinesia, all of whom showed involvement of the orofacial region, showed more evident minor physical anomalies of the head relative to those of the periphery (P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Tardive orofacial dyskinesia in schizophrenia appears to be associated particularly with poorer frontal lobe function, while predominance of craniofacial dysmorphogenesis may constitute a vulnerability factor that is related to the early origins of the disease process.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 167 , Issue 1 , July 1995 , pp. 41 - 44
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn) (DSM–III). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Brown, K. W., White, T. & Palmer, D. (1992) Movement disorders and psychological tests of frontal lobe function in schizophrenic patients. Psychological Medicine, 22, 69–77.Google Scholar
Cooper, S. J., Doherty, M. M. & Waddington, J. L. (1993) Tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia and its association with treatment, symptomatology and cognitive function. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 3, 405–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, W. F. & Casey, D. E. (1991) Computed tomographic evaluation of patients with tardive dyskinesia. Schizophrenia Research, 5, 1–12.Google Scholar
Lohr, J. B. & Flynn, K. (1993) Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia and mood disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 19, 551–556.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCreadie, R. G., Hall, D. J., Berry, I. J., et al (1992) The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys: X. Obstetric complications, family history and abnormal movements. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 799–805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Callaghan, E., Larkin, C., Kinsella, A., et al (1990) Obstetric complications, the putative familial-sporadic distinction, and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 578–584.Google Scholar
O'Callaghan, E., Buckley, P., Madigan, C., et al (1995) The relationship of minor physical anomalies and other putative indices of developmental disturbance in schizophrenia to abnormalities of cerebral structure on MRI. Biological Psychiatry (in press).Google Scholar
Schooler, N. R. & Kane, J. M. (1982) Research diagnoses for tardive dyskinesia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 486–487.Google ScholarPubMed
Waddington, J. L. (1989) Schizophrenia, affective psychoses and other disorders treated with neuroleptic drugs: the enigma of tardive dyskinesia, its neurobiological determinants, and the conflict of paradigms. International Review of Neurobiology, 31, 297–353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waddington, J. L. (1993) Schizophrenia: developmental neuroscience and pathobiology. Lancet, 341, 531–536.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waddington, J. L. (1995) Psychopathological and cognitive correlates of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia and other disorders treated with neuroleptic drugs. In Behavioural Neurology of Movement Disorders (eds Weiner, W. J. & Lang, A. J.), pp. 211–229. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Waddington, J. L., O'Callaghan, E., Larkin, C., et al (1993) Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: organic vulnerability factor or state marker for tardive dyskinesia? Brain and Cognition, 23, 56–70.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.