Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:49:36.568Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Effect of Obsessions on Depressive Psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

N. L. Gittleson*
Affiliation:
Middlewood Hospital, Sheffield, 6

Extract

The occurrence of obsessions in the course of depression was first noted by Prichard (1835), Esquirol (1838) and Marc (1840). The first series (22 cases) was described by Heilbronner (1912), who agreed with Scheule (1888) that in some cases at least the depression was the primary illness and not merely a secondary result of the obsessions. Further small series were reported by Vurpas and Corman (1933)—27 cases, Lion (1942)—16 cases, and Ingram (1961)—10 cases. Stengel (1945) reported 4 cases and reviewed the literature fully. None of these series are controlled by a parallel series of depressives without obsessions. Lewis (1934) described depressives both with and without obsessions, but did not compare them.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1966 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ackner, B. (1954). “Depersonalisation.” J. ment. Sci., 100, 838–72.Google Scholar
Anderson, E. W. (1936). “Prognosis of depressions of later life.” Ibid., 82, 559–88.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E. (1911). Textbook of Psychiatry. Transl. by Brill, A. A. (1951). U.S.A: Dover Publications.Google Scholar
Curran, D. (1937). “Differentiation of neurosis and manic-depressive psychosis.” J. ment. Sci., 83, 156–74.Google Scholar
Esquirol, E. (1838). Des Maladies Mentales, Vol. 2, Ch. “Monomanie.” Paris: Baillière.Google Scholar
Farrar, C. B. (1951). “Suicide.” J. clin. exp. Psychopath., 12, 7988.Google Scholar
Freud, S. (1923). Das Ich und das Es, included in the Standard Edition of the complete Psychological works of Sigmund Freud, transl. by Strachey, J. with Freud, A., Strachey, A., and Tyson, A. The Ego and the Id, Chap. 5, p. 53, Vol. XIX. London: The Hogarth Press, 1961.Google Scholar
Glover, E. (1932). “Psychoanalytic approach to classification of mental disorders.” J. ment. Sci., 78, 819–42.Google Scholar
Glover, E. (1935). “Developmental study of obsessional neuroses.” Int. J. Psycho-Anal., 16, 131–44.Google Scholar
Gordon, A. (1925). “Obsessions in their relation to psychoses.” Amer. J. Psychiat., 5, 647–59.Google Scholar
Gordon, A. (1950). “Transition of obsessions into delusions: evaluation of obsessional phenomena from prognostic standpoint.” Ibid., 107, 455–8.Google Scholar
Heilbronner, K. (1912). “Zwangsvorstellungen und Psychose.” Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Neur. und Psych., 9, 301, quoted by Skoog (1959).Google Scholar
Hobson, R. F. (1953). “Prognostic factors in electric convulsive therapy.” J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 16, 275–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingram, I. M. (1961). “Obsessional illness in mental hospital patients.” J. ment. Sci., 107, 382402.Google Scholar
Janet, P. (1903). Les Obsessions et la Psychasthénie, Vols. I and II. Paris.Google Scholar
Jarvie, H. F. (1950). “On atypicality and depressive states.” J. ment. Sci., 96, 208–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaspers, K. General Psychopathology, 7th Edn. Translated by Hoenig, J., and Hamilton, M. W. (1962). Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Kahn, E., and Cohen, L. H. (1932). “Conflict and integration in schizophrenic development.” Amer. J. Psychiat., 11, 1025–34.Google Scholar
Lewis, A. (1934). “Melancholia: clinical survey of depressive states.” J. ment. Sci., 80, 277378.Google Scholar
Lewis, A. (1936). “Problems of obsessional illness.” Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 29, 325–36.Google Scholar
Lewis, A. (1936a): “Melancholia: prognostic study and case material.” J. ment. Sci., 82, 488558.Google Scholar
Lion, E. G. (1942). “Anancastic depressions: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms occurring during depressions.” J. nerv. ment. Dis., 95, 730–8.Google Scholar
Marc, C. C. H. (1840). De la Folie Considérée dans ses Rapports avec les Questions Médico-Judiciaires. Vol. 1, pp. 238ff. [quoted by Vurpas, C., and Corman, L. (1933.]Google Scholar
Mayer-Gross, (1932). In Bumke's Handbuch der Geistenkrankheiten, 9, 456 [quoted by Rosen, I. (1957)].Google Scholar
Mayer-Gross, W., Slater, E., and Roth, M. (1954). Clinical Psychiatry. London: Cassell & Co.Google Scholar
Myerson, A. (1936). “Neuroses and Neuropsychoses: the relationship of symptom groups.” Amer. J. Psychiat., 93, 263301.Google Scholar
Muncie, W. (1931). “The rigid personality as a factor in psychoses.” Arch. Neurol and Psychiat., 26, 359–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muncie, W., and White, P. (1937). “The mood-content problem and thymonoic reactions.” Ibid., 38, 90102.Google Scholar
Pollitt, J. (1956). Discussion: “Obsessive-compulsive states.” Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 49, 842–5.Google Scholar
Pollitt, J. (1957). “Natural history of obsessional states: a study of 150 cases.” Brit. med. J., 1, 194–98.Google Scholar
Prichard, J. C. (1835). A Treatise on Insanity, pp. 18, 22, 35. London.Google Scholar
Rosen, I. (1957). “The clinical significance of obsessions in schizophrenia.” J. ment. Sci., 103, 773–85.Google Scholar
Rümke, H. C. (1952). “Clinique et psychopathologie des phénomènes compulsifs.” Folia. psychiat. neerl., 55, 203–32.Google Scholar
Sargant, W., and Slater, E. (1950). “Discussion on the treatment of obsessional neuroses.” Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 43, 1007–10.Google Scholar
Saunders, E. B. (1932). “A study of depressions in late life with special reference to content.” Amer. J. Psychiat., 11, 925–48.Google Scholar
Scheule, (1888). Traité Clinique des Maladies Mentales, 3rd Edn. Translated by Dagonet and Duhamel. [quoted by Vurpas and Corman (1933).]Google Scholar
Schneider, K. (1958). Psychopathic Personalities. Translated by Hamilton, M. W. London: Cassell & Co.Google Scholar
Schneider, K. (1959). Clinical Psychopathology. Translated by Hamilton, M. W. New York and London: Grune and Stratton.Google Scholar
Skoog, G. (1959). “The anancastic syndrome and its relation to personality attitudes.” Acta. psychiat. scand., Supplement 134.Google Scholar
Slater, E. (1936). “Inheritance of manic-depressive insanity and its relation to mental defect.” J. ment. Sci., 82, 626–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, E. (1936a). “Inheritance of manic-depressive insanity.” Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 29, 981–90.Google Scholar
Stengel, E. (1945). “A study of some clinical aspects of the relationship between obsessional neurosis and psychotic reaction types.” J. ment. Sci., 91, 166–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stengel, E. (1948). “Some clinical observations on the psychodynamic relationship between depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.” Ibid., 94, 650–2.Google Scholar
Stengel, E., Cook, N. G., and Kreeger, I. S. (1958). Attempted Suicide. Maudsley Monographs No. 4. London: Chapman & Hall Ltd.Google Scholar
Vurpas, C., and Corman, L. (1933). “Obsédés melancoliques et obsédés constitutionnels.” Ann. méd-psychol., 91, 409–54.Google Scholar
Woolley, L. F. (1929). “Studies in obsessive-ruminative tension states; relation to parergastic reactions.” Amer. J. Psychiat., 9, 1113–58.Google Scholar
Woolley, L. F. (1937). “Studies in obsessive-ruminative tension states; psychasthenia definition and delimitation.” Psychiat. Quart., 11, 465–80.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1948). Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death. H.M.S.O., 1949.Google Scholar
Ziehen, Th. (1908). “Zur Lehre von den psychopathischen Konstitutionen; Zwangsvorstellungen und andere psychische Zwangsprozesse.” Charité-Annalen., 32, 113, [quoted by Skoog, G. (1959).]Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.