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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 August 2017
The central kiloparsec of the Milky Way contains a distinct stellar population that resembles distant ellipticals and bulges. An abundance range from 1/10 to nearly 10 times the solar metal abundance produces evolved stars ranging from RR Lyraes to late M giants, OH/IR stars, and Miras. I describe the kinematics, structure, chemical evolution and possible age range of the galactic bulge. Infrared imaging of the M31 bulge reveals a population of luminous AGB stars that may have progenitors younger than 15 Gyr. It is important to measure the age of bulge populations relative to the old globular clusters, and to consider a range of formation scenarios.