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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 July 2016
Turbulent surface convection zones of stars generate acoustic waves which contribute to the heating of chromospheres and coronae. The dissipation of limiting strength acoustic shock waves agrees well with the empirically determined chromospheric radiation loss rates. Acoustic waves with frequency and energy required for the chromospheric heating are observed in the solar atmosphere. Acoustic heating can explain the basal chromospheric emission of slowly rotating stars and constitutes a weak background in faster rotating stars; it can not explain the emission-rotation correlation and the surface variation of emission which are due to magnetic heating.