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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 August 2015
The optical properties and collective excitations are discussed for graphite and vitreous carbon. The bulk resonance energy for the π-plasmon is seen to be shifted by 1.4 eV from the crystalline to the amorphous case, indicating that the degree of structural disorder is an important parameter in the optical properties of carbon grains. Data are presented on work function, photoelectric yield, and photoelectron energy distribution for both graphite and vitreous carbon. Under solar irradiation, photoelectrons from graphite are emitted with an average energy of about 1 eV (12000 K).